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(a) Symbolic diagram for water proton configurations in ntNPN. Bold fonts were used for the water molecule at the center, since its representation has different meaning than that of the other water molecules, as explained in the text. (b) The proton conduction cycle in ntNPN, with the number of faults given for each state. The symbols β, ρ, and ω represent Bjerrum, rotation, and orientation faults, respectively.
