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Macroscopic current-voltage characteristics for (A) alm at pH 3.5, (B) di-alm at pH 3.5, (C) alm at pH 7.0, and (D) di-alm at pH 7.0. Sweep rates of voltage (mV/s) were as follows. In A: (a) 10, (b) 100; in B: (a) 0.88, (b) 2.64, (c) 8.8; in C: (a) 2.4, (b) 24; in D: (a) 1, (b) 3, (c) 10. Aqueous phases contained 1 M KCl; alm and di-alm were added to the cis-side to a concentration of 5 nM and 2.5 nM, respectively.
