Fig. 3. Relationships between molecular features and treatability via advanced separation technologies. Top: π-electron donor–acceptor capacity (π-EDA capacity), pH-dependent hydrophobicity (DOW), polarity and charge, and molecular size of a chemical all affect its sorption affinity towards activated carbon. Bottom: the molecular size, charge, and pH-dependent hydrophobicity (DOW) of a chemical all affect its rejection by nanofiltration membranes.
