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Characteristic extensional transition of a heparin molecule examined with the freely jointed chain (FJC) model of polymer elasticity; force-extension relationship of a heparin molecule from a commercial source. The thin red lines are the fits of the FJC model before and after the enthalpic extension of the heparin chain. These fits are used to measure the increase in the molecule contour length (from Lmin to Lmax) due to the conformational transitions of the heparin ring structures.
