Table1.
Baseline characteristics of patients according to 12-h periods of ICH onset.
| Variables | Total (n = 81,913 [100%]) |
18:00–06:00 (n = 25,880 [31.6%]) |
06:00–18:00 (n = 56,033 [68.4%]) |
P value | ASD (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | |||||
| Age, y | 63.0 (53.0–72.0) | 62.0 (53.0–71.0) | 64.0 (54.0–73.0) | < 0.001 | 10.9 |
| Male, n (%) | 51 112 (62.4) | 16 056 (62.0) | 35 056 (62.6) | 0.15 | 1.1 |
| Physical examination | |||||
| BMI | 23.5 (21.7–25.4) | 23.7 (21.8–25.5) | 23.5 (21.6–25.4) | < 0.001 | 3.2 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 162.0 (145.0–181.0) | 165.0 (147.0–184.0) | 160.0 (144.0–180.0) | < 0.001 | 10.4 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 95.0 (84.0–105.0) | 96.0 (85.0–106.0) | 94.0 (83.0–104.0) | < 0.001 | 9.8 |
| Behavioral history, n (%) | |||||
| Current smoking | 16 142 (19.7) | 5068 (19.6) | 11 074 (19.8) | 0.55 | 0.5 |
| Drinking | 19 922 (24.3) | 6299 (24.3) | 13 623 (24.3) | 0.93 | 0.1 |
| Medical history | |||||
| Transient ischemic stroke | 472 (0.6) | 161 (0.6) | 311 (0.6) | 0.24 | 0.9 |
| Cerebral infarction | 10 654 (13.0) | 3338 (12.9) | 7316 (13.1) | 0.53 | 0.5 |
| ICH | 14 328 (17.5) | 4439 (17.2) | 9889 (17.6) | 0.08 | 1.3 |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage | 450 (0.5) | 165 (0.6) | 285 (0.5) | 0.02 | 1.7 |
| Myocardial infarction | 717 (0.9) | 225 (0.9) | 492 (0.9) | 0.90 | 0.1 |
| Hypertension | 58 455 (71.4) | 18 833 (72.8) | 39 622 (70.7) | < 0.001 | 4.6 |
| Dyslipidemia | 3371 (4.1) | 1072 (4.1) | 2299 (4.1) | 0.79 | 0.2 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 7765 (9.5) | 2529 (9.8) | 5236 (9.3) | 0.05 | 1.5 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1236 (1.5) | 360 (1.4) | 876 (1.6) | 0.06 | 1.4 |
| Heart failure | 380 (0.5) | 128 (0.5) | 252 (0.4) | 0.38 | 0.7 |
| COPD | 1199 (1.5) | 351 (1.4) | 848 (1.5) | 0.08 | 1.3 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 768 (0.9) | 252 (1.0) | 516 (0.9) | 0.47 | 0.5 |
| Treatment, n (%) | |||||
| Antiplatelet agents | 5593 (6.8) | 1745 (6.7) | 3848 (6.9) | 0.51 | 0.5 |
| Anticoagulant agents | 1528 (1.9) | 458 (1.8) | 1070 (1.9) | 0.17 | 1.0 |
| Lipid-lowering | 2413 (2.9) | 730 (2.8) | 1683 (3.0) | 0.15 | 1.1 |
| Antihypertensive agents | 38 614 (47.1) | 12 310 (47.6) | 26 304 (46.9) | 0.10 | 1.2 |
| Antidiabetic agents | 5664 (6.9) | 1837 (7.1) | 3827 (6.8) | 0.16 | 1.1 |
| Hematoma evacuation | 8554 (10.4) | 3136 (12.1) | 5418 (9.7) | < 0.001 | 4.6 |
| Scales and laboratory result | |||||
| Baseline mRS | 1.0 (1.0–3.0) | 1.0 (1.0–3.0) | 1.0 (1.0–3.0) | 0.74 | 0.2 |
| Baseline GCS | 13.0 (8.0–15.0) | 13.0 (8.0–15.0) | 14.0 (8.0–15.0) | < 0.001 | 9.5 |
| Low-density lipoprotein, mmol/L | 2.6 (2.0–3.2) | 2.6 (2.0–3.2) | 2.6 (2.0–3.2) | 0.16 | 0.8 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mmol/L | 5.9 (5.1–7.1) | 6.0 (5.2–7.4) | 5.8 (5.1–7.0) | < 0.001 | 13.5 |
| Hemoglobin A1C, % | 5.6 (5.1–6.1) | 5.6 (5.1–6.1) | 5.6 (5.1–6.1) | 0.07 | 3.0 |
| Homocysteine, µmol/L | 13.7 (10.0–20.0) | 13.4 (9.8–20.0) | 13.8 (10.0–20.2) | < 0.001 | 4.1 |
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 67.5 (55.0–84.6) | 67.0 (54.0–84.6) | 68.0 (55.0–84.6) | 0.001 | 2.4 |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 5.1 (4.0–6.6) | 5.2 (4.1–6.6) | 5.1 (4.0–6.6) | 0.26 | 2.8 |
| Uric acid, µmol/L | 277.0 (210.0–353.5) | 277.0 (211.0–355.0) | 277.0 (210.0–353.0) | 0.26 | 0.3 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 3.6 (1.0–9.6) | 3.4 (1.0–9.0) | 3.8 (1.0–10.0) | 0.03 | 3.9 |
| Other information | |||||
| Hospital grade, n (%) | 0.27 | 0.8 | |||
| Secondary | 34 466 (42.1) | 10 817 (41.8) | 23 649 (42.2) | ||
| Tertiary | 47 447 (57.9) | 15 063 (58.2) | 32 384 (57.8) | ||
| Season, n (%) | < 0.001 | 8.2 | |||
| Spring | 22 352 (27.3) | 7160 (27.7) | 15 192 (27.1) | ||
| Summer | 15 506 (18.9) | 5395 (20.8) | 10 111 (18.0) | ||
| Autumn | 36 262 (44.3) | 11 073 (42.8) | 25 189 (45.0) | ||
| Winter | 7793 (9.5) | 2252 (8.7) | 5541 (9.9) | ||
| Time from onset to arrival, h | 3.0 (1.0–17.0) | 3.0 (1.0–11.0) | 4.0 (1.0–23.0) | < 0.001 | 18.0 |