2. CS-Based Materials for Clinical Applications .

Modification routes	Molecular weight (KDa)	Loaded substance	Medical application	Ref.
Physical encapsulation		Human mesenchymal stem cell	Scaffolds
	50–190	Bud-Poplar-Extract	Wound healing dressing
Chemical modification	130112.4a	Cross-linking with collagen	Scaffolds	,
	100–300	Cross-linking with silk fibroin	Cartilage tissue engineering
	1.9	Grafting with poly(l-lactide)	Bone tissue engineering
	3–10	Modification with Fmoc-Lys (Fmoc)–OH	Orthopedic implant
	-	Cross-linking via 3D-printed	Cartilage tissue engineering
	50–190	Modification with thymine	Wound healing dressing
	165.3	Protonation reaction
	60.05	Cross-linking metal–organic polyhedrons
	153.7	Ionic cross-linking with tilapia peptides	Hemostatic materials
	9	Modification with cellulose
Other modifications	-	Ionic gelation method	Wound healing dressing
	-	Electrospinning and microwave-assisted methods	Hemostatic materials

^a“-”, not mentioned.