Skip to main content
. 2026 Apr 2;13(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s40643-026-01014-7

Table 4.

Statistical results of the factorial MANOVA on Fresh weight (g), Dry weight (g), Chlorophyll (SPAD), and Moisture (%) variables in maize fodder bioassay and its interactions

Source of Variation Fresh weight (g) Dry weight (g) Chlorophyll (SPAD) Moisture (%)
F P-Value F P-Value F P-Value F P-Value
Digestate type 214.2 *** 140.03 *** 376.4 *** 376.4 ***
Pyrolysis temperature 0.75 NS 1.07 NS 1.54 NS 0.76 NS
Biochar doses 0.93 NS 0.64 NS 0.16 NS 0.32 NS
Digestate type x Pyrolysis temperature(a) 2.19 *** 1.92 *** 3.03 *** 2.09 ***
Digestate type x Biochar doses(b) 1.86 *** 0.43 *** 0.48 *** 0.95 ***
Pyrolysis temperature x biochar doses(c) 2.24 *** 1.49 *** 1.20 *** 2.22 ***
Digestate type x Pyrolysis temperature x Biochar doses(d) 1.60 *** 2.20 *** 1.73 *** 1.18 ***

(a) digestate type × pyrolysis temperature, (b) digestate type × biochar dose, (c) pyrolysis temperature × biochar dose, and (d) digestate type × pyrolysis temperature × biochar dose. F and p-values are dimensionless

*** p < 0.001, NS indicates p > 0.05