Table 2.
Clinical factors associated with antibiotic use among RSV-positive children.
| Variable | Use of antibiotics in this illness | No use of antibiotics in this illness | Total = 72 (100%) | p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 48 (66.7%) | N/ = 24 (33.3%) | |||
| Median age/months (IQR) | 2.6 (1.5, 6.0) | 3.4 (1.6, 5.4) | 2.9 (1.6–5.8) | 0.716 |
| Age by categories/months (%) | 0.867 | |||
| 0–6 | 36 (65.5) | 19 (0.9) | 55 (100) | |
| >6–12 | 6 (66.7) | 3 (33.3) | 9 (100) | |
| >12 | 6 (75.0) | 2 (25.0) | 8 (100) | |
| Sex | 0.616 | |||
| Male | 25 (64.1) | 14 (35.9) | 39 (100) | |
| Female | 23 (69.7) | 10 (30.3) | 33 (100) | |
| Prematurity | 0.852 | |||
| Born preterm | 13 (65.0) | 7 (35.0) | 20 (100) | |
| Born term | 35 (67.3) | 17 (32.7) | 52 (100) | |
| Temperature at presentation/°C | 0.127 | |||
| 36–37.5 | 33 (61.1) | 21 (38.9) | 54 (100) | |
| >37.5–38.5 | 11 (91.7) | 1 (8.3) | 12 (100) | |
| >38.5 | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 6 (100) | |
| Oxygen saturation at presentation | 0.009 | |||
| 95–100% | 33 (57.9) | 24 (42.1) | 57 (100) | |
| 94–90% | 4 (100) | 0 (0) | 4 (100) | |
| <90% | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | 11 (100) | |
| Tachypnea on arrival | 0.015 | |||
| Tachypnea | 27 (84.4) | 5 (15.6) | 32 (100) | |
| No tachypnea | 19 (51.4) | 18 (48.6) | 37 (100) | |
| Difficulty in breathing | <0.001 | |||
| Difficulty in breathing | 31 (93.9) | 2 (6.1) | 33 (100) | |
| No difficulty in breathing | 17 (43.6) | 22 (56.4) | 39 (100) | |
| Admission for this illness | <0.001 | |||
| Inpatient | 41 (100) | 0 (0) | 41(100) | |
| Outpatient | 7 (22.6) | 24 (77.4) | 31 (100) | |
| Antibiotic use before the current visit/hospitalization | 0.177 | |||
| Yes | 10 (90.9) | 1 (9.1) | 11 (100) | |
| No | 36 (62.1) | 22 (37.9) | 58 (100) | |
| Antibiotic use after visit/discharge | 0.021 | |||
| Yes | 13 (92.9) | 1 (7.1) | 14 (100) | |
| No | 35 (60.3) | 23 (39.7) | 58 (100) | |
| Co-infection diagnosed or suspectedb | 0.129 | |||
| Yes | 11 (84.6) | 2 (15.4) | 13 (100) | |
| No | 37 (62.7) | 22 (37.3) | 59 (100) |
aChi-squared analysis or Fisher’s test for categorical variables, and the Mann–Whitney test for the median age. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.
bInclude acute gastroenteritis, sepsis, suspected meningitis, otitis media, conjunctivitis, urinary tract infection, and aspiration pneumonia.