Table 3.

Patient characteristics in the two-step group (retrospective cohort).

Total number of patients, n	75
Age (yr), median (range)	81 (48–94)
Male:Female	49:26
Primary disease, n
Cholangiocarcinoma	34
Pancreatic cancer	20
Metastatic cancer	7
Bile duct stone	8
Anastomotic stricture	6
Reason for EUS-HGS, n
Surgically altered anatomy	39
Duodenal stenosis	36
Length of hepatic parenchyma at the puncture site (mm), mean ± SD	21.4 ± 7.14
Number of the length of hepatic parenchyma at the puncture site <25 mm, n	27
Diameter of bile duct at the puncture site (mm), mean ± SD	3.53 ± 1.43
Angle between the guidewire and bile duct (deg.), mean ± SD	126.9 ± 30.4
Presence of contrast medium leakage during the procedure, % (n)	17.3 (13/75)
Procedure time (min), mean ± SD	16.8 ± 7.14
T-bilirubin (mg/dL), mean ± SD	5.43 ± 6.41
AST (U/L), mean ± SD	98.8 ± 90.9
ALT (U/L), mean ± SD	97.3 ± 90.6
White blood cell count (/μL), mean ± SD	7579.3 ± 4466.2
C-reactive protein (mg/dL), mean ± SD	5.21 ± 6.40
Adverse events, n
Bile peritonitis	8
Cholangitis	3
Stent migration	0