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. 2026 Mar 23;17:1707493. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1707493

Figure 3.

Panel A shows a schematic timeline of a mouse experimental design involving Blautia or sterile water gavage, CLP or Sham surgery, and harvest at day ten. Panel B presents a Kaplan-Meier survival curve comparing three groups. Panel C provides histological images of lung tissue stained by hematoxylin and eosin for Sham, CLP, and CLP+Blautia groups, alongside a corresponding histological score bar graph. Panel D displays a bar graph of lung wet/dry weight ratios for each group. Panels E and F feature flow cytometry plots for CD8+ T cells and their quantification as percentage of CD3+ cells. Panels G and H show flow cytometry plots and quantification for CD4+ T cells. Panels I and J depict additional CD8+ T cell and granzyme B data. Panels K and L present CD4+ T cell plots and IFN-γ production quantification. Significance is indicated by asterisks, and each bar graph includes individual data points.

Blautia-Mediated Attenuation of SI-ALI via Enhanced CD8+ T Cell Founction. (A) Experimental grouping and treatment flowchart for rats. (B) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis: sham-operated group, CLP-induced SI-ALI group, and Blautia-pretreated group. (C) Representative H&E-stained rat lung sections and histological scores of Sham-Operated, CLP, and Blautia-Pretreated Cohorts. (D) Comparison of the Lung Wet/Dry Weight Ratio of rats in each group. (E-H) Peripheral blood T cell frequency and cytokine production: CD3+CD8+ populations, CD3+CD4+ populations, IFN-γ+CD8+ subsets, and Granzyme B+CD8+ subsets in sham-operated group, CLP rats, and Blautia-Pretreated CLP Groups. (I-L) Splenic T cell frequency and effector function: CD3+CD8+ populations, CD3+CD4+ populations, IFN-γ+CD8+ subsets, and Granzyme B+CD8+ subsets in sham-operated group, CLP rats, and Blautia-Pretreated CLP Groups. * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; *** p<0.001; **** p<0.0001.