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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Apr 7.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Eat Disord. 2021 Feb 27;54(7):1135–1146. doi: 10.1002/eat.23494

TABLE 2.

Disordered eating among gender identity subgroups

Transmasculine Transfeminine Nonbinary/questioning AFAB Nonbinary/questioning AMAB Cisgender male Cisgender female






Behavior or cognition M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD
Binge eating 12.62 7.73 12.33 8.53 13.32 7.39 13.94 7.99 10.52 6.79 12.94 7.58
Cognitive restraint 4.73 3.32 3.S4 3.22 4.44 3.35 4.14 3.81 4.12 2.83 5.06 3.31
Purging 2.55 4.40 2.28 4.47 2.57 4.05 2.61 5.28 0.97 2.35 2.75 4.57
Caloric restriction 10.47 6.39 10.11 6.00 10.86 6.78 8.84 7.40 7.06 6.22 9.17 6.05
Excessive exercise 5.95 5.19 4.62 4.37 5.47 4.82 525 5.46 7.62 5.25 6.68 5.32
Muscle building 4.67 3.59 1.14 1.49 3.08 2.75 3.41 3.73 3.87 3.24 2.31 2.46

Abbreviations: AFAB, assigned female at birth; AMAB, assigned male at birth.