Table 3. Comparison of general and parent-related characteristics of children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis diagnosis in 2019 and 2021.
| Atopic dermatitis diagnosis | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 2019 (n = 791) | 2021 (n = 562) | |||||||||
| M ± SD, n (%) | M ± SD, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Yes | No | χ 2 (p) | Yes | No | χ 2 (p) | OR | 95% CI | p | |||
| General characteristics | |||||||||||
| Gender | Male | 56 (7.1) | 352 (44.5) | 0.005 (00.945) | 45 (8.0) | 233 (41.5) | 6.305 (0.014) | 1.260 | 0.724 | 2.192 | 0.413 |
| Female | 52 (6.6) | 331 (41.8) | 33 (5.9) | 251 (44.7) | 0.702 | 0.397 | 1.240 | 0.222 | |||
| Age | M ± SD | 10.07 ± 4.0 | 9.36 ± 4.15 | 1.980 (0.050) | 10.09 ± 4.35 | 9.56 ± 3.94 | 1.688 (0.095) | 0.966 | 0.617 | 1.511 | 0.879 |
| 3~6 | 22 (2.8) | 205 (25.9) | 2.688 (0.074) | 19 (3.4) | 126 (22.4) | 0.887 (0.413) | 1.426 | 0.698 | 2.913 | 0.329 | |
| 7~11 | 47 (5.9) | 261 (33.0) | 31 (5.5) | 188 (33.5) | 0.720 | 0.378 | 1.370 | 0.316 | |||
| 12~17 | 39 (4.9) | 217 (27.4) | 28 (5.0) | 170 (30.2) | 0.995 | 0.510 | 1.943 | 0.989 | |||
| Residential area | Urban | 89 (11.3) | 580 (73.3) | 0.057 (0.812) | 65 (11.6) | 406 (72.2) | 3.024 (0.085) | 0.905 | 0.565 | 1.448 | 0.675 |
| Rural | 19 (2.4) | 103 (13.0) | 13 (2.3) | 78 (13.9) | 1.359 | 0.470 | 3.925 | 0.570 | |||
| Type of housing | General housing | 28 (3.5) | 141 (17.8) | 1.109 (0.294) | 19 (3.4) | 121 (21.5) | 2.744 (0.101) | 1.099 | 0.473 | 2.554 | 0.826 |
| Apartment | 80 (10.1) | 542 (68.5) | 59 (10.5) | 363 (64.6) | 0.913 | 0.454 | 1.531 | 0.730 | |||
| Number in family | 4.13 ± 0.75 | 4.18 ± 0.74 | –1.046 (0.298) | 4.10 ± 0.73 | 4.14 ± 0.75 | –2.393 (0.019) | 0.949 | 0.607 | 1.485 | 0.820 | |
| Income | Low | 1 (0.1) | 13 (1.6) | 0.333 (0.819) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (1.1) | 5.465 (< 0.001) | ||||
| Lower middle | 21 (2.7) | 108 (13.7) | 10 (1.8) | 48 (8.5) | 1.319 | 0.541 | 3.218 | 0.541 | |||
| Middle | 30 (3.8) | 179 (22.6) | 15 (2.7) | 158 (28.1) | 0.460 | 0.204 | 1.033 | 0.060 | |||
| Upper middle | 33 (4.2) | 230 (29.1) | 22 (3.9) | 165 (29.4) | 0.702 | 0.362 | 1.361 | 0.293 | |||
| High | 23 (2.9) | 153 (19.3) | 31 (5.5) | 107 (19.0) | 2.103 | 0.864 | 5.119 | 0.101 | |||
| Body mass index | < 5th percentile | 5 (0.6) | 64 (8.1) | 3.344 (0.021) | 7 (1.3) | 27 (4.9) | 0.939 (0.418) | 2.622 | 0.73 | 9.416 | 0.139 |
| 5 – 85th percentile | 76 (9.6) | 487 (61.6) | 55 (9.9) | 327 (58.8) | 1.196 | 0.728 | 1.964 | 0.479 | |||
| 85 – 95th percentile | 11 (1.4) | 62 (8.7) | 8 (1.4) | 56 (10.1) | 0.643 | 0.205 | 2.013 | 0.446 | |||
| ≥ 95th percentile | 16 (2.0) | 69 (8.7) | 8 (1.4) | 68 (12.2) | 0.302 | 0.109 | 0.843 | 0.022 | |||
| Subjective health status | Good | 71 (9.0) | 515 (65.1) | 3.857 (0.023) | 45 (8.0) | 384 (68.3) | 8.142 (< 0.001) | 0.826 | 0.479 | 1.424 | 0.490 |
| Fair | 31 (3.69) | 151 (19.1) | 27 (4.8) | 87 (15.5) | 1.386 | 0.756 | 2.541 | 0.290 | |||
| Poor | 6 (0.8) | 17 (2.1) | 6 (1.1) | 13 (2.3) | 1.086 | 0.275 | 4.281 | 0.906 | |||
| Influenza vaccination | Yes | 75 (9.5) | 473 (59.8) | 0.001 (0.976) | 56 (10.0) | 381 (67.8) | 4.713 (0.032) | 0.830 | 0.513 | 1.341 | 0.444 |
| No | 33 (4.2) | 210 (26.5) | 22 (3.9) | 103 (18.3) | 1.452 | 0.635 | 3.320 | 0.375 | |||
| Household composition | 2 generations | 103 (13.0) | 638 (80.7) | 0.110 (0.741) | 74 (13.2) | 461 (82.0) | 1.654 (0.201) | 0.978 | 0.616 | 1.551 | 0.924 |
| 3 generations or more | 5 (0.6) | 45 (5.7) | 4 (0.7) | 23 (4.1) | 0.551 | 0.101 | 3.002 | 0.489 | |||
| Parental characteristics | |||||||||||
| Father’s smoking history | < 5 packs | 1 (0.1) | 8 (1.0) | 1.832 (0.175) | 1 (0.2) | 14 (2.5) | 0.621 (0.524) | 0.472 | 0.032 | 7.076 | 0.586 |
| ≥ 5 packs | 83 (10.5) | 519 (65.6) | 61 (10.9) | 364 (64.8) | 1.029 | 0.613 | 1.727 | 0.913 | |||
| Never smoked | 24 (3.0) | 156 (19.7) | 16 (2.8) | 106 (18.9) | 0.820 | 0.34 | 1.978 | 0.657 | |||
| Father’s current smoking status | Daily | 34 (4.3) | 213 (26.9) | 1.499 (0.200) | 26 (4.6) | 151 (26.9) | 1.275 (0.284) | 0.982 | 0.473 | 2.039 | 0.961 |
| Occasionally | 7 (0.9) | 31 (3.9) | 2 (0.4) | 27 (4.8) | 0.154 | 0.024 | 0.999 | 0.05 | |||
| Former smoker | 43 (5.4) | 283 (35.8) | 34 (6.0) | 200 (35.6) | 1.168 | 0.600 | 2.274 | 0.646 | |||
| Never smoked | 24 (3.0) | 156 (19.7) | 16 (2.8) | 106 (18.9) | 0.820 | 0.340 | 1.978 | 0.657 | |||
| Mother’s smoking history | < 5 packs | 2 (0.3) | 18 (2.3) | 2.261 (0.124) | 3 (0.5) | 16 (2.8) | 0.119 (0.887) | 0.833 | 0.116 | 5.998 | 0.855 |
| ≥ 5 packs | 18 (2.3) | 66 (8.3) | 7 (1.2) | 50 (8.9) | 0.561 | 0.192 | 1.641 | 0.290 | |||
| Never smoked | 88 (11.1) | 599 (75.7) | 68 (12.1) | 418 (74.4) | 1.071 | 0.649 | 1.768 | 0.787 | |||
| Mother’s current smoking status | Daily | 1 (0.1) | 13 (1.6) | 1.424 (0.235) | 1 (0.2) | 16 (2.8) | 0.261 (0.847) | 1.065 | 0.071 | 15.884 | 0.964 |
| Occasionally | 2 (0.3) | 14 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (1.1) | |||||||
| Former smoker | 17 (2.1) | 57 (7.2) | 9 (1.6) | 44 (7.8) | 0.524 | 0.178 | 1.545 | 0.241 | |||
| Never smoked | 88 (11.1) | 599 (75.7) | 68 (12.1) | 418 (74.4) | 1.071 | 0.649 | 1.768 | 0.787 | |||
| Mother’s age at first childbirth | 27.82 (3.38) | 28.56 (3.90) | –1.840 (0.068) | 29.47 (3.58) | 29.18 (3.76) | 1.250 (0.214) | 0.958 | 0.619 | 1.483 | 0.848 | |
| Mother’s breastfeeding history | Yes | 101 (12.8) | 610 (77.1) | 1.467 (0.228) | 74 (13.2) | 430 (76.5) | 0.933 (0.336) | 0.998 | 0.634 | 1.571 | 0.994 |
| No | 7 (0.9) | 93 (9.2) | 4 (0.7) | 54 (9.6) | 0.633 | 0.155 | 2.58 | 0.522 | |||
| Crude | 0.966 | 0.617 | 1.513 | 0.879 | |||||||
| Adjusted1 (includes general characteristics) | 0.929 | 0.596 | 1.446 | 0.743 | |||||||
| Adjusted2 (includes general and parental characteristics) | 0.93 | 0.603 | 1.434 | 0.742 | |||||||