Skip to main content
. 2026 Mar 25;17:1785496. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1785496

Table 3.

Means, standard deviations, and correlations among variables.

Variables Mean SD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

  • 1. Gender

 1.61 0.49 –

  • 2. Marriage status

 1.38 0.49 0.01 –

  • 3. Educational background

 1.89 0.46 0.05 0.07 –

  • 4. Organizational tenure

 3.68 3.68 −0.03 −0.34** −0.24** –

  • 5. EL

 3.87 0.50 −0.07 −0.16* −0.12 0.10 (0.92)

  • 6. Resilience

 3.91 0.60 −0.06 −0.03 0.00 −0.01 0.58** (0.80)

  • 7. OI

 3.90 0.53 −0.02 −0.18** −0.04 0.07 0.70** 0.54** (0.75)

  • 8. Age

 30.64 6.18 −0.11 −0.45** −0.29** 0.65** 0.05 −0.09 0.02 –

N = 218. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (two-tailed). SD, standard deviation; Gender: 1. male, 2. female; Marital status: 1. married, 2. single; Education: 1. college degree, 2. bachelor’s degree, 3. master’s degree or above; EL, empowering leadership, OI, organizational identification. Cronbach’s α is shown in parentheses on the diagonal.