Table 3.

Multivariable logistic regression associated with digestive disease

Variables	aOR (95% CI)
Sociodemographic
Age [ref. ≥ 24]	1.00 (0.88–1.14)
25–44	0.79 (0.68–0.91)
45–59	0.71 (0.59–0.84)
≥ 60
Sex [ref. Male]
Female	1.73 (1.52–1.97)
Marital status [ref. Married]
Single	0.98 (0.87–1.10)
Residence [ref. Urban]
Rural	0.88 (0.80–0.97)
Education level [ref. less than high school]
High school and above	1.78 (1.62–1.94)
Socioeconomic status [ref. Poor]
Non-Poor	1.02 (0.94–1.12)
Life style
Smoking staus [ref. Non-smoker]
Former smoker	1.44 (1.16–1.80)
Current smoker	1.01 (0.88–1.16)
Physical activity [ref. High]
Low	0.84 (0.75–0.94)
Moderate	0.96 (0.87–1.06)
Health realted factor
Self-Reported Health [ref. Healthy]
Unhealthy	1.81 (1.64–1.99)
Comorbidities [ref. No]
Yes	1.67 (1.52–1.83)
BMI [ref. Normal]
Underweight	1.01 (0.95–1.25)
Overweight	0.91 (0.82–1.01)
Obese	0.81 (0.69–0.95)
Depressive symptoms [ref. No]
Yes	1.38 (1.26–1.52)
Food Frequency
Protein consumption per week [ref. < 7]
≥ 7	0.92 (0.84–1.00)
Vegetables consumption per week [ref. < 7]
≥ 7	1.01 (0.93–1.10)
Fruits consumption per week [ref. < 7]
≥ 7	0.92 (0.84–1.00)
Unhealthy Food consumption per week [ref. < 7]
≥ 7	1.01 (0.97–1.14)
Environment factors
Water source [ref. Improved]
Unimproved	0.81 (0.70–0.94)
Water treatment [ref. Boiled]
Un boiled	0.43 (0.31–0.58)
Sanitation facility (sewage) [ref. Improved]
Unimproved	1.02 (0.92–1.13)
Garbage disposal [ref. Friendly]
Unfriendly	0.97 (0.89–1.06)

Ref = reference category, no multicollinearity was observed (all VIF < 5), Models are weighted using IFLS-5 individual-level sampling weights