Extended Data Table 3.

Unbiased cumulative ALAN change area from 2014 to 2022

Cumulative ALAN change areas at global, continental, and top five countries/territories were estimated. The same location is counted multiple times if it experiences multiple changes. These unbiased cumulative area estimates and their 95% confidence intervals were derived from the stratified validation sample in Extended Data Table 1. The abrupt cumulative change area was not estimated in Oceania due to a small proportion of change and insufficient validation change sample unit (n ≤ 1) in this subregion.