Table 2.

Effect of atopy on keratoconus.

Exposure	Method	Ln(OR)	SE	P-value
Eosinophil count [18]	Simple median	0.455	0.117	1.03E−04
Eosinophil count	IVW	0.353	0.084	2.49E−05
Eosinophil count	MR-Egger	0.218	0.164	1.85E−01
Eosinophil count	(intercept)	0.005	0.005	3.40E-01
Adult-onset asthma [11]	Simple median	0.013	0.125	0.919
Adult-onset asthma	IVW	0.014	0.112	0.897
Adult-onset asthma	MR-Egger	−0.100	0.375	0.790
Adult-onset asthma	(intercept)	0.009	0.030	0.750
All allergic/atopic diseases combined [11]	Simple median	0.633	0.122	2.12E−07
All allergic/atopic diseases combined	IVW	0.610	0.096	1.85E−10
All allergic/atopic diseases combined	MR-Egger	0.401	0.261	0.12
All allergic/atopic diseases combined	(intercept)	0.011	0.013	0.39
Childhood asthma [11]	Simple median	0.050	0.055	0.362
Childhood asthma	IVW	0.042	0.045	0.353
Childhood asthma	MR-Egger	−0.053	0.107	0.621
Childhood asthma	(intercept)	0.013	0.013	0.331
Non-asthma allergic disease [11]	Simple median	0.476	0.093	3.04E−07
Non-asthma allergic disease	IVW	0.518	0.077	1.41E−11
Non-asthma allergic disease	MR-Egger	0.584	0.192	0.0024
Non-asthma allergic disease	(intercept)	−0.004	0.011	0.71
Asthma [12]	Simple median	0.312	0.118	0.008
Asthma	IVW	0.263	0.091	0.004
Asthma	MR-Egger	−0.169	0.303	0.577
Asthma	(intercept)	0.053	0.035	0.137

The instruments and their effect size estimates were derived from the publications cited in the table. Ln(OR) refers to changes in keratoconus, SE the standard error of the estimate, P-value are the probabilities estimated from the different models.

Different definitions of atopic disease used in each of the original GWAS from which the instruments were selected.