Hypoxia increases central respiratory drive in β2 mutant mice. Sudden hyperoxia rapidly diminished breathing efforts (A and B; ○, mutants; ●, wild-type mice). The fall in ventilation (ΔVE) measured peripheral drive, which was comparable for both groups of mice at rest (C), but after a period of hypoxia, was less in mutants (D). The persistent hyperpnea of mutants in O2 (“afterdischarge,” B) probably originated centrally.