Skip to main content
. 2026 Mar 26;14:1742610. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1742610

Table 1.

Summary of key empirical studies on finance, environment, and health.

References Sample Period Methodology Key variables Main findings
Adewale (10) BRICS 1990–2015 Fixed effects Finance, growth Financial development promotes economic growth
Grossman and Krueger (4) Global 1970–1988 Panel regression Income, pollution EKC relationship between income and pollution
Dontoh et al. (2024) Middle-income countries 2000–2020 GMM Banking outreach, CO2 Financial Access reduces emissions
Tian et al. (2024) China 2008–2021 Panel FE Bank branches, ESG Branch expansion improves environmental performance
Lai et al. (2025) Vietnam 2005–2022 Time series PM2.5, IMR Pollution increases child mortality
Al-Saqry et al. (2025) GCC countries 1995–2020 Panel analysis Pollution, health Air quality worsens infant mortality
Huan et al. (2026) Global 2000–2021 Spatial analysis Renewables, SDGs Clean energy improves health and sustainability