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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Apr 13.
Published before final editing as: Hepatology. 2025 Dec 17:10.1097/HEP.0000000000001644. doi: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000001644

Table 2:

Recommended Vaccine Schedules in the Pre-Liver Transplant Candidate

Vaccines Strength of Recommendation
COVID Adult patients should receive: 2 doses of Pfizer-BioNTechmRNA, or 2 doses of Moderna mRNA, or 2 doses of Novavax Adjuvanted, or 1 dose of Janssen Adenoviral vector; All followed by booster dose of mRNA vaccines > 2months after primary series
HAV 2 doses of Havrix 6 to 12 months apart, or Vaqta 6 to18 months apart, or 3 doses of Twinrix at 0,1and 6 months
HBV All patients should receive: 2-dose Heplisav-B 4 weeks apart, or 3-dose Engerix-B, Recombivax-HB or Twinrix at 0, 1 and 6months
HIB Recommended for adults with an additional risk factor/indication,e.g. anatomical or functional asplenia, haematopoietic stem cell transplant or other additional factors
HPV Adult patients should receive 2 or 3 doses through age 26 depending on age at initial vaccination
Influenza One dose yearly
Pneumococcal Patients between 19-64 years should receive 1dose of PPSV23. Patients > 64 years should receive 1 dose of PPSV23 at least 1 or 5 years after PCV13 or PPSV23, respectively
Meningococcal ACWY/B Recommended for adults with an additional risk factor/indication,e.g. anatomical or functional asplenia, haematopoietic stem cell transplant or other additional factors
MMR (live) Patients with no evidence of immunity and born in 1957 or later should receive 1 or 2 dose(s) depending on indication. Should be completed 4 weeks prior to transplant
Tdap or DT All patients should receive 1dose of Tdap, then Td or Tdap booster every 10 years
Varicella (recombinant non-live and live) Zoster recombinant (Shingrix): Patients > 50 years should receive 2doses 2-6 months apart, regardless of previous herpes zoster or history of zoster live vaccine. Zoster live attenuated (Zostavax): Vaccination might be indicated if benefit of protection outweighs risk of adverse reaction in specific patient. Should be completed 4 weeks prior to transplant.