Skip to main content
. 2026 Mar 25;15(7):578. doi: 10.3390/cells15070578
6-OHDA 6-hydroxydopamine
Ad-MSC adipose mesenchymal stem cell
α-syn alpha synuclein
BBB blood–brain barrier
BM-MSC bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell
ESC embryonic stem cell
FVM fetal ventral mesencephalic
GID graft induced dyskinesia
HIE hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
IA intra-arterial
IC intracerebral
ICH intracerebral hemorrhage
IN Intranasal
iPSC induced pluripotent stem cell
IT intrathecal
IV intravenous
MSC mesenchymal stem cell
Muse multilineage differentiating stress-enduring
NSC neural stem cell
PD Parkinson’s Disease
ROS reactive oxygen species
SDF-1α stromal- cell derived factor 1α
SNpc substantia nigra pars compacta
TH tyrosine hydroxylase
UC-MSC umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cell
UPDRS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale