AHSCT	Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
AOPP	Advanced Oxidation Protein Products
ARR	Annualized Relapse Rate
AUC	Area Under the Curve
Ba	Complement Factor Ba
Bb	Complement Factor Bb
BCR	Brain Central Ratio
BPF	Brain Parenchymal Fraction
BMI	Body Mass Index
CDP	Confirmed Disability Progression
CDW	Confirmed Disability Worsening
CEL	Contrast-Enhancing Lesions
CGM	Cortical Gray Matter
CHI3L1	Chitinase 3-Like 1
CIS	Clinically Isolated Syndrome
CNS	Central Nervous System
CSF	Cerebrospinal Fluid
DTI	Diffusion Tensor Imaging
DMT	Disease-Modifying Therapy
DNase	Deoxyribonuclease
ecDNA	Extracellular DNA
EDSS	Expanded Disability Status Scale
EDA	Evidence of Disease Activity
ELISA	Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
EV	Extracellular Vesicle
FA	Fractional Anisotropy
FLAIR	Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery
FRAP	Ferric-Reducing Ability of Plasma
FSH	Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
Gal-9	Galectin-9
Gas6	Growth Arrest-Specific 6
GDF-15	Growth Differentiation Factor 15
GFAP	Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
GzmB	Granzyme B
HR	Hazard Ratio
IAW	Inflammatory-Associated Worsening
IgG	Immunoglobulin G
IL	Interleukin
IQR	Interquartile Range
K-FLC	Kappa Free Light Chains
LS-OCMB	Lipid-Specific IgM Oligoclonal Band
MBP	Myelin Basic Protein
MD	Mean Diffusivity
MRI	Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MS	Multiple Sclerosis
MST1	Macrophage-Stimulating 1
mtDNA	Mitochondrial DNA
NAWM	Normal-Appearing White Matter
NEDA	No Evidence of Disease Activity
NfL	Neurofilament Light Chain
NMOSD	Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
NOx	Nitric Oxide Metabolites
NOS	Newcastle–Ottawa Scale
OCB	Oligoclonal Band
OPN	Osteopontin
PBMC	Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
PBVC	Percentage Brain Volume Change
PDDS	Patient-Determined Disease Steps
PIRA	Progression Independent of Relapse Activity
PPMS	Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
PRDX6	Peroxiredoxin 6
PRISMA	Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
RAW	Relapse-Associated Worsening
RIS	Radiologically Isolated Syndrome
RoB	Risk of Bias
ROBINS-I	Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions
ROC	Receiver Operating Characteristic
RRMS	Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
SDMT	Symbol Digit Modalities Test
SEL	Slowly Expanding Lesions
SEM	Standard Error of the Mean
SPMS	Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
sNfL	Serum Neurofilament Light Chain
sGFAP	Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
TBARS	Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
T25FW	Timed 25-Foot Walk
T2	T2-Weighted MRI Sequence
TAC	Total Antioxidant Capacity
TEM	Effector Memory T Cells
TEMRA	Terminally Differentiated Effector Memory T-Cells Re-expressing CD45RA
TVW	Third Ventricle Width
WBV	Whole-Brain Volume
YKL-40	Chitinase 3-Like Protein