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. 2026 Mar 31;27(7):3172. doi: 10.3390/ijms27073172
TCM Traditional Chinese medicine
NSCLC Non-small cell lung cancer
PD-L1 Programmed Death-Ligand 1
circ-0003074 circular RNA 0003074
miR-516b-5p MicroRNA-516b-5p
KPNA4 Karyopherin Alpha 4
PCD Programmed cell death
GSH Glutathione
MDA Malondialdehyde
ROS Reactive oxygen species
GPX4 Glutathione peroxidase 4
HSCs Hepatic stellate cells
GRg5 Ginsenoside Rg5
GRb1 Ginsenoside Rb1
GRg3 Ginsenoside Rg3
NR3C1 Nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1
HSPB1 Heat shock protein family B (small) member 1
NCOA4 Nuclear receptor coactivator 4
HCC Hepatocellular carcinoma
GRK1 Ginsenoside RK1
FSP1 Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1
GCK Ginsenoside compound K
PI3K Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
AKT Protein kinase B
FOXO1 Forkhead Box O1
SLC7A11 Solute family 7-member 11
GBC Gallbladder cancer
CD8+T CD8-positive T
ERS Endoplasmic reticulum stress
circFOXP1 Circular RNA FOXP1
miR-447a MicroRNA-447a
RCC Renal cell carcinoma
GRh4 Ginsenoside Rh4
NRF2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
CRC Colorectal cancer
GRh3 Ginsenoside Rh3
GSDMD Gasdermin D
Stat3 Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3
p53 Tumor Protein p53
MM Multiple myeloma
SIRT2 Sirtuin 2
FTH1 Ferritin heavy chain 1
ACSL4 Long-chain acyl-CoA synthase 4
α-SMA α-smooth muscle actin
ECM Extracellular matrix
BECN1 Beclin-1
DNMT3B DNA methyltransferase 3B
GRh2 Ginsenoside Rh2
IRF1 Interferon regulatory factor 1
HK2 Hexokinase 2
LPCAT3 Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase 3
ALOX Arachidonate Lipoxygenase
ALI Acute liver injury
AREs Antioxidant response elements
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
HO-1 Heme oxygenase-1
SQSTM1/p62 Sequestosome 1
LC3A/B Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3A/B
GRd Ginsenoside Rd
CCl4 Carbon tetrachloride
cGAS Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase
STING Stimulator of Interferon Genes
HIBD Hypoxic–ischemic brain injury
SAH Subarachnoid hemorrhage
TfR Transferrin receptor
DHODH Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
EBI Early brain injury
MI Myocardial ischemia
PCI Percutaneous coronary intervention
TAC Transverse aortic coarctation
MI/R Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion
Keap1 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
GRe Ginsenoside Re
HAPE High-altitude pulmonary edema
TFRC Transferrin receptor
COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
GRg1 Ginsenoside Rg1
PERK Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase
ATF4 Activating transcription factor 4
UC Ulcerative colitis
5-ASA 5-aminosalicylic acid
DSS Dextran sulfate sodium
NDDs Neurodegenerative disease
AD Alzheimer’s disease
PD Parkinson’s disease
AIM2 melanoma 2
DMT1 Divalent metal transporter 1
CLP Cecal ligation and perforation
SI-MD Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction
BIM Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death
PUMA p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis
FAK Focal adhesion kinase
SI-AKI Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury
CoQ10-NAD(P)H Coenzyme Q10-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (Phosphate) Hydrogen