TABLE 1.

PCR primers for detection of oral treponemes

Specificitya	Sequences (5′ to 3′)	Orientation	Position (bp)b	Product size (bp)c	MgCl2 (mM)	Annealing temp (°C)
T. denticola	TAATACCGAATGTGCTCATTTACAT	Forward	131-155	860	1.5	62
	CTGCCATATCTCTATGTCATTGCTCTT	Reverse	964-990
T. vincentiid	GTCTCAATGGTTCATAAGAA	Forward	202-221	851	2.0	62
	CAAGCCTTATCTCTAAGACT	Reverse	1033-1052
T. mediumd	CACTCAGTGCTTCATAAGGG	Forward	145-164	851	1.5	62
	CCGGCCTTATCTCTAAGACC	Reverse	976-995
TTe	TTACGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAAC	Forward		657	1.5	69.5
	GTCRYMGGCAGTTCCGCCWGAGTCf	Reverse
Ubiquitousg	GATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCAC	Forward		733	1.5	52
	TACCTTGTTACGACTT	Reverse

^aGenBank accession numbers are as follows: T. denticola, D85438; T. vincentii, AF033309; and T. medium, D85437.

^bForward primer for total treponemes: T. denticola, 479 to 502 bp; forward primer for T. vincentii, 540 to 563 bp; and forward primer for T. medium, 483 to 506 bp. Reverse primer for total treponemes: T. denticola, 1113 to 1136 bp; reverse primer for T. vincentii, 1174 to 1197 bp; and reverse primer for T. medium, 1117 to 1140 bp. Forward primers for ubiquitous are as follows: for T. denticola, 754 to 776 bp; for T. vincentii, 815 to 837 bp; and for T. medium, 758 to 780 bp. The reverse primer for ubiquitous is designed in the region between the 16S and 23S gene.

^cExpected size of PCR product.

^dThese primer sequences are indicated in reference 24.

^eTT, total treponemes.

^fInternational Union of Biochemistry code: R, A+G; Y, C+T; M, A+C; and W, A+T.

^gThis primer sequence is indicated in reference 15.