Table 1.
The Prevalence and YLDs of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and Their EAPCs from 1990 to 2021 at the Global and Regional Levels
| Characteristics | Prevalence | YLDs | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Cases, Thousand, 1990 (95% UI) | ASR per 100,000 Population, 1990 (95% UI) | Number of Cases, Thousand, 2021 (95% UI) | ASR per 100,000 Population, 2021 (95% UI) | EAPC, 1990–2021 (95% UI) | Number of Cases, Thousand, 1990 (95% UI) | ASR per 100,000 Population, 1990 (95% UI) | Number of Cases, Thousand, 2021 (95% UI) | ASR per 100,000 Population, 2021 (95% UI) | EAPC, 1990–2021 (95% UI) | |
| Global | 626.00(473.63–805.67) | 25.82(19.66–32.82) | 85.18(52.44–129.61) | 27.02(20.24–34.89) | −0.04 (−0.09–0.00) | 1009.96(743.84–1330.47) | 3.51(2.20–5.33) | 177.20(108.36–260.12) | 3.68(2.27–5.63) | −0.04 (−0.09–0.01) |
| Cause | ||||||||||
| Chlamydial infection | 143.26(106.14–194.78) | 5.80(4.43–7.70) | 232.25(169.27–318.93) | 6.22(4.61–8.40) | 0.04 (−0.02–0.09) | 19.55(11.52–30.46) | 0.79(0.49–1.21) | 31.72(18.51–49.90) | 0.85(0.51–1.31) | 0.04 (−0.02–0.10) |
| Gonococcal infection | 39.21(28.41–51.80) | 1.53(1.12–2.01) | 50.27(36.00–69.16) | 1.31(0.94–1.78) | −0.8 (−0.91–−0.69) | 5.39(3.12–8.58) | 0.21(0.12–0.33) | 6.92(3.90–11.29) | 0.18(0.10–0.29) | −0.79 (−0.90–−0.68) |
| Other sexually transmitted infections | 443.54(329.45–577.01) | 18.49(13.92–23.85) | 727.44(535.82–966.40) | 19.49(14.54–25.56) | −0.01 (−0.05–0.03) | 60.24(36.71–92.53) | 2.51(1.57–3.84) | 98.93(58.71–152.88) | 2.65(1.63–4.09) | −0.01 (−0.05–0.03) |
| Socio-demographic index | ||||||||||
| High SDI | 104.74(75.80–139.51) | 23.70(17.53–30.99) | 121.96(91.92–157.31) | 25.12(19.43–31.49) | −0.08 (−0.18–0.02) | 14.36(8.41–21.94) | 3.25(1.91–4.96) | 16.70(10.25–25.15) | 3.44(2.17–5.14) | −0.08 (−0.18–0.02) |
| High-middle SDI | 99.93(72.20–134.93) | 19.95(14.81–26.22) | 130.23(94.57–172.97) | 21.01(15.80–27.25) | 0.25 (0.20–0.31) | 13.66(8.15–21.21) | 2.73(1.64–4.18) | 17.79(10.68–28.09) | 2.87(1.74–4.43) | 0.25 (0.20–0.31) |
| Middle SDI | 155.63(114.15–203.38) | 20.35(15.26–26.33) | 279.88(206.08–370.45) | 23.29(17.49–29.84) | 0.37 (0.34–0.40) | 21.22(12.81–32.36) | 2.77(1.71–4.21) | 38.15(22.48–58.87) | 3.17(1.93–4.84) | 0.37 (0.34–0.40) |
| Low-middle SDI | 162.04(125.51–207.96) | 33.52(26.41–42.10) | 289.72(211.80–388.59) | 30.72(22.90–40.60) | −0.55 (−0.65–−0.45) | 21.92(13.81–33.40) | 4.53(2.89–6.84) | 39.41(23.46–60.82) | 4.18(2.52–6.42) | −0.53 (−0.63–−0.44) |
| Low SDI | 103.16(81.54–129.07) | 50.35(40.43–62.22) | 187.57(135.62–252.57) | 38.23(28.28–50.35) | −1.39 (−1.58–−1.19) | 13.94(9.05–21.16) | 6.80(4.42–10.22) | 25.44(15.22–39.15) | 5.19(3.13–7.90) | −1.37 (−1.56–−1.17) |
| GBD regions | ||||||||||
| Andean Latin America | 6.57(4.84–8.78) | 38.88(29.16–50.75) | 13.49(10.36–17.32) | 40.47(31.73–51.36) | 0.11 (0.07–0.16) | 0.90(0.53–1.37) | 5.30(3.26–8.04) | 1.84(1.10–2.82) | 5.53(3.35–8.44) | 0.12 (0.07–0.17) |
| Australasia | 4.83(3.52–6.45) | 46.01(34.71–60.41) | 6.88(5.02–9.16) | 47.74(36.38–63.01) | 0.11 (0.08–0.13) | 0.66(0.38–1.06) | 6.31(3.77–9.97) | 0.94(0.55–1.47) | 6.54(3.87–10.20) | 0.11 (0.08–0.13) |
| Caribbean | 4.05(3.05–5.31) | 24.66(18.80–31.97) | 5.26(3.80–6.99) | 23.24(17.29–30.17) | −0.15 (−0.32–0.03) | 0.55(0.34–0.86) | 3.36(2.08–5.22) | 0.72(0.42–1.12) | 3.17(1.89–4.87) | −0.14 (−0.32–0.03) |
| Central Asia | 9.30(6.77–12.51) | 30.81(23.04–40.68) | 15.36(10.98–20.71) | 32.25(23.68–42.23) | 0.1 (0.04–0.16) | 1.27(0.74–2.00) | 4.20(2.52–6.44) | 2.09(1.25–3.34) | 4.40(2.65–6.91) | 0.1 (0.04–0.17) |
| Central Europe | 12.90(9.29–17.16) | 22.67(17.20–29.62) | 11.62(8.79–15.03) | 23.57(18.57–29.59) | 0.24 (0.16–0.31) | 1.77(1.03–2.73) | 3.10(1.81–4.80) | 1.59(0.97–2.41) | 3.22(1.97–4.84) | 0.23 (0.16–0.31) |
| Central Latin America | 16.10(11.84–21.02) | 23.10(17.34–29.86) | 30.44(22.79–39.85) | 24.32(18.51–31.15) | 0.08 (−0.01–0.16) | 2.20(1.29–3.33) | 3.16(1.89–4.76) | 4.17(2.43–6.40) | 3.33(2.01–5.05) | 0.08 (−0.01–0.17) |
| Central Sub-Saharan Africa | 9.72(7.57–12.36) | 43.94(34.71–55.22) | 22.26(15.92–29.73) | 38.02(27.68–49.67) | −0.82 (−0.92–−0.71) | 1.31(0.80–1.96) | 5.94(3.69–8.86) | 3.03(1.74–4.74) | 5.17(3.08–7.95) | −0.79 (−0.89–−0.68) |
| East Asia | 101.50(71.83–137.82) | 18.30(13.40–24.14) | 132.88(96.85–177.02) | 19.43(14.71–25.28) | 0.28 (0.13–0.44) | 13.88(8.44–21.45) | 2.50(1.52–3.90) | 18.15(10.81–28.46) | 2.65(1.62–4.09) | 0.28 (0.13–0.44) |
| Eastern Europe | 29.00(21.34–38.96) | 26.85(20.37–34.81) | 23.92(16.76–32.78) | 24.13(17.88–31.62) | −0.4 (−0.58–−0.23) | 3.95(2.37–6.10) | 3.66(2.20–5.54) | 3.27(1.91–5.20) | 3.30(1.95–5.05) | −0.4 (−0.57–−0.23) |
| Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa | 31.98(24.93–40.73) | 42.25(33.62–52.63) | 60.81(43.83–81.05) | 32.09(23.63–42.17) | −1.38 (−1.59–−1.18) | 4.33(2.78–6.57) | 5.72(3.70–8.57) | 8.28(4.91–13.00) | 4.37(2.58–6.68) | −1.37 (−1.57–−1.16) |
| High-income Asia Pacific | 34.28(25.27–45.22) | 39.70(29.62–50.95) | 32.36(24.27–42.39) | 43.51(33.07–55.26) | 0.39 (0.34–0.44) | 4.70(2.78–7.14) | 5.44(3.21–8.21) | 4.42(2.65–6.76) | 5.95(3.62–9.05) | 0.38 (0.33–0.43) |
| High-income North America | 39.29(27.96–52.40) | 26.31(19.42–34.69) | 43.44(33.61–54.78) | 26.23(20.62–32.52) | −0.65 (−0.86–−0.43) | 5.39(3.10–8.45) | 3.61(2.08–5.57) | 5.96(3.74–8.87) | 3.60(2.29–5.37) | −0.64 (−0.85–−0.43) |
| North Africa and Middle East | 22.49(16.19–29.87) | 17.05(12.68–22.24) | 52.22(36.63–70.37) | 17.18(12.68–22.59) | 0.24 (0.10–0.38) | 3.07(1.83–4.77) | 2.33(1.41–3.54) | 7.14(4.17–11.27) | 2.35(1.39–3.66) | 0.25 (0.10–0.39) |
| Oceania | 1.28(1.01–1.58) | 48.91(38.66–60.85) | 1.65(1.17–2.26) | 26.07(18.84–35.35) | −1.29 (−1.62–−0.96) | 0.17(0.10–0.26) | 6.61(4.00–9.81) | 0.23(0.13–0.36) | 3.57(2.09–5.66) | −1.26 (−1.59–−0.93) |
| South Asia | 166.28(128.52–214.24) | 36.60(28.80–46.33) | 305.09(220.84–411.95) | 33.13(24.62–44.24) | −0.59 (−0.74–−0.44) | 22.48(13.97–34.55) | 4.95(3.15–7.48) | 41.46(24.68–64.58) | 4.50(2.68–6.97) | −0.58 (−0.73–−0.42) |
| Southeast Asia | 21.56(15.42–28.65) | 10.23(7.54–13.32) | 34.79(25.76–45.73) | 9.95(7.44–12.87) | −0.14 (−0.19–−0.09) | 2.95(1.73–4.56) | 1.40(0.83–2.15) | 4.75(2.86–7.39) | 1.36(0.83–2.10) | −0.14 (−0.19–−0.09) |
| Southern Latin America | 7.54(5.63–9.84) | 32.33(24.42–41.78) | 10.75(7.69–14.35) | 31.48(22.82–41.42) | −0.18 (−0.23–−0.14) | 1.03(0.59–1.61) | 4.42(2.59–6.77) | 1.48(0.85–2.30) | 4.32(2.59–6.65) | −0.18 (−0.23–−0.13) |
| Southern Sub-Saharan Africa | 11.63(8.73–15.35) | 47.17(36.52–61.24) | 15.71(11.14–21.25) | 36.35(26.28–48.62) | −1.69 (−2.13–−1.24) | 1.58(0.98–2.47) | 6.40(3.99–10.02) | 2.14(1.25–3.40) | 4.95(2.89–7.76) | −1.67 (−2.11–−1.23) |
| Tropical Latin America | 7.26(5.54–9.29) | 10.66(8.28–13.44) | 38.91(29.68–50.75) | 32.89(25.40–42.26) | 4.12 (2.87–5.40) | 0.99(0.62–1.52) | 1.46(0.92–2.21) | 5.30(3.29–8.18) | 4.48(2.84–6.88) | 4.11 (2.86–5.38) |
| Western Europe | 19.21(13.49–25.72) | 10.29(7.41–13.55) | 28.61(21.04–36.97) | 15.31(11.56–19.41) | 1.08 (0.78–1.38) | 2.63(1.54–4.18) | 1.41(0.83–2.23) | 3.92(2.38–6.07) | 2.10(1.33–3.20) | 1.07 (0.77–1.37) |
| Western Sub-Saharan Africa | 69.24(53.04–87.94) | 82.67(64.54–104.29) | 123.52(86.51–173.70) | 55.25(39.73–76.69) | −1.98 (−2.27–−1.69) | 9.35(6.04–13.82) | 11.16(7.14–16.74) | 16.71(10.05–25.82) | 7.48(4.62–11.65) | −1.97 (−2.25–−1.68) |
Abbreviations: ASR, Age-standardized rate; YLD, years lived with disability; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change; UI, uncertainty interval.