Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients
| Characteristic | Group A n=25 | Group B n=25 | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age（years） | 25.72±5.22 | 26.08±4.70 | 0.799 |
| BMI（kg/m2） | 19.88±2.54 | 19.43±2.33 | 0.515 |
| Serum hormone Levels | |||
| T（nmol/L） | 14.95±3.39 | 14.07±3.44 | 0.367 |
| LH（IU/L） | 6.84±2.84 | 5.76±2.84 | 0.248 |
| FSH（IU/L） | 5.43±1.98 | 4.69±1.90 | 0.188 |
| INH B（pg/mL） | 187.33±77.80 | 181.14±94.16 | 0.961 |
| Semen Quality | |||
| Spermconcentration（×106/ml） | 27.77±15.31 | 28.08±9.37 | 0.467 |
| PR（％） | 26.12±6.09 | 24.48±11.82 | 0.087 |
| Normal sperm morphology（％） | 2.22±1.12 | 2.46±1.20 | 0.428 |
| CTV Parameters | |||
| Angleat compression site（°） | 24.90±10.07 | 24.29±11.37 | 0.741 |
| Leftrenalveindiameterratio | 5.58±1.20 | 6.14±1.76 | 0.313 |
| Color Doppler ultrasound results | |||
| Leftspermatic | |||
| veindiameter（mm） | 3.60±0.48 | 3.57±0.50 | 0.818 |
| reflux time（s） | 4.46±1.34 | 3.92±1.58 | 0.255 |
| Left testicular volume（ml） | 12.26±2.22 | 11.63±1.29 | 0.335 |
| Testicular asymmetry percentage（％） | 25.70±13.42 | 21.44±11.35 | 0.231 |
| Left renal vein peak velocity（PV） | |||
| PV1（cm/s） | 133.70±25.37 | 126.69±17.92 | 0.479 |
| PV2（cm/s） | 19.90±6.60 | 18.26±3.67 | 0.287 |
| PVR（PV1/PV2） | 7.56±3.19 | 7.13±1.68 | 0.712 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD. Continuous variables were compared using independent-sample t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests as appropriate.
Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, T Testosterone, LH Luteinizing hormone, FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone, INH B Inhibin B, PR Progressive motility, CTV Computed tomography venography, PV1 Blood flow velocity at the compressed site of the left renal vein, PV2 Blood flow velocity at the widest part of the left renal vein near the renal hilum, PVR Left renal vein blood flow velocity ratio (PV1/PV2)