TABLE 1.
Serotypes, place of isolation, antibiotic resistance patterns, PFGE types, and pbp2b/pbp2x/pspA restriction patterns of pneumococcal isolates
| PFGE subtype(s) | Serotype (no. of isolates)a | Place of isolate recovery (yr[s]b) | MIC range (μg/ml)
|
pbp2b/pbp2x/pspA restriction patterns | Gen Bank accession no. of closest pspA CDRc sequence (% identity; clade) | Antibiotype(s)d (in order of frequency) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penicillin | Ceftriaxone | ||||||
| 1.1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.6 | 9V (5), France9V-3 | Arezzo, Naples (97, 99, 00) | 0.5-2 | 0.5-1 | 6/2/1, 6/2/2, 6/2/3 | AF252286 (100:3) | PG; PG, TX, EM, CC, TC |
| 1.2 | 9A (1) | Naples (00) | 1 | 0.5 | 6/2/1 | NDe | PG, EM |
| 1.4 | 14 (1) | Bergamo (99) | 2 | 0.5 | 6/2/1 | ND | PG |
| 1.7 | 24F (1) | Emilia-Romagna (98) | 0.03 | 0.03 | 2/8/1 | AF252286 (100; 3) | No resistance |
| 2.1 | 19A (3) | Naples (98, 99) | 0.12 | 0.03-0.12 | 10/27/4 | AF253408 (100; 4) | PG, EM, CC, TC; PG, EM, CC |
| 2.1 | 15A (1) | Palermo (98) | 0.25 | 0.12 | 10/27/4 | AF253408 (100; 4) | PG, EM, CC, TC |
| 3.1 | 24F (3) | Naples (97, 98, 00) | 0.5 | 0.06-0.25 | 27/8/8 | AF253407 (100; 1) | PG, EM, CC, TC |
| 4.1, 4.2 | 6B (2) | Parma, Bergamo (98, 99) | 0.12 | 0.06 | 12/22/6 | AF071805 (100; 1) | PG, EM, CC, TC |
| 12/22/7 | AF254255 (99; 5) | ||||||
| 5.1, 5.2 | 35F (2) | Naples, Rome (99, 00) | 0.12-0.25 | 0.06-0.25 | 5/4/11 | AF071806 (98; 1) | PG |
| 6.1 | 6A (1) | Rome (98) | 0.5 | ≤0.012 | 28/12/negative | ND | PG, EM, CC, TC |
| 7.1 | 19F (1) | Bologna (99) | 0.5 | 0.25 | 29/28/5 | AF252286 (100; 3) | PG, EM, CC |
| 8.1 | 23F (1) | Naples (99) | 2 | 1 | 30/9/9 | AF288751 (100; 5) | PG, TX, EM, CC, TC |
| 9.1 | 19F (1) | Naples (00) | 0.5 | 0.12 | negative/29/10 | AF071812 (100; 2) | PG, CH, EM, CC, TC |
| 10.1-10.5 | 23F (7) | Bergamo, Como, Monza, Pordenone (97, 98, 99, 00) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.12 | 2/8/12, 2/30/12, 2/8/17 | AF253407 (100; 1) | No resistance |
| AF253407 (100; 1) | |||||||
| 11.1-11.6 | 14 (7), England14-9 | Bergamo, Monza, Rome (98, 99) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.25 | 1/1/19 | AF253406 (100; 1) | EM, CC, TC; EM, CC; EM; TC |
| 12.1, 12.2 | 3 (4) | Bergamo, Milan, (87, 90, 98, 99) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 1/1/9, 2/8/9 | AF288751 (100; 5) | No resistance |
| 13.1-13.3 | 12F (5) | Naples, Milan, Florence (98) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 1/1/13 | AF255552 (97; 2) | No resistance |
| 14.1 | 8 (2) | Ferrara, Milan (98) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 2/1/29 | AF253408 (93.5; 4) | No resistance |
| 15.1-15.3 | 4 (3) | Bergamo, Naples, Feltre (91, 98, 00) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 2/8/31 | ND | No resistance |
| 15.4 | 18C (1) | Bergamo (00) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 2/1/31 | ND | No resistance |
| 16.1, 16.2 | 7F (2) | Bergamo (99) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 2/1/32 | AF255545 (100; 2) | No resistance |
| 17.1, 17.2 | 9V (2) | Bergamo (90, 99) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 1/1/20 | ND | No resistance |
| 18.1 | 23A (1) | Naples (98) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 2/8/25 | ND | No resistance |
| 18.2 | 23F (1) | Naples (98) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 1/8/25 | ND | EM, CC, TC |
| 19.1 | 23F (1) | Monza (98) | ≤0.012 | ≤0.012 | 1/1/14 | ND | No resistance |
| 20.1 | 23F (1) | Bergamo (99) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.012 | 1/8/15 | ND | No resistance |
| 21.1 | 19A (1) | Bergamo (99) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.012 | 1/1/24 | ND | No resistance |
| 22.1 | 10A (1) | Bergamo (96) | ≤0.012 | 0.03 | 2/1/28 | ND | No resistance |
| 23.1 | 9V (1) | Bergamo (99) | ≤0.03 | 0.03 | 2/1/23 | ND | TC |
| 24.1 | 5 (1) | Bergamo (96) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.012 | 1/1/21 | ND | No resistance |
| 25.1 | 19F (1) | Mantova (98) | ≤0.012 | ≤0.012 | 2/1/26 | ND | No resistance |
| 26.1 | 1 (1) | Merate (98) | ≤0.012 | ≤0.012 | 2/1/27 | ND | No resistance |
| 27.1 | 1 (1) | Rome (97) | ≤0.012 | ≤0.012 | 2/8/16 | ND | No resistance |
| 28.1 | 33 (1) | Bergamo (91) | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 2/1/30 | ND | No resistance |
| 29.1 | 22F (1) | Naples (98) | ≤0.012 | ≤0.03 | 2/1/22 | ND | No resistance |
| 30.1 | 1 (1) | Bergamo (91) | ≤0.012 | ≤0.03 | 2/1/33 | ND | No resistance |
| 31.1 | 10A (1) | Bergamo (90) | 0.03 | ≤0.012 | 2/1/12 | ND | No resistance |
| 32.1 | 4 (1) | Naples (98) | ≤0.012 | 0.03 | 2/8/34 | ND | No resistance |
| 33.1 | 6B (1) | Bergamo (99) | 0.03 | 0.03 | 2/26/18 | ND | TC |
a
Reference strains France9V-3 and England14-9 shared identical genetic profiles with PFGE subtype 1.1 and PFGE subtype 11.1 isolates, respectively.
b
Year designations are to be understood as preceded by “19” except for the designation 00, representing 2000.
c
CDR, clade-defining region.
d
PG, penicillin; TX, ceftriaxone; EM, erythromycin; CC, clindamycin; TC, tetracycline; CH, chloramphenicol.
e
ND, not determined.