TABLE 1.

Host species specificity of Pneumocystis formae speciales as revealed by cross-infection experiments

Origin of inoculated P. carini isolates	Inoculation route	Recipient hosts	P. carinii detection	Detection methodsa	Reference(s)
Mouse	Intranasal	SCID mice	Yes	ME, PCRb	2, 3
Mouse	Intratracheal	SCID mice	Yes	ME, PCR, MAbs	20
Mouse	Intratracheal	Nude rats	No	ME, PCRb	3
Rat	Intratracheal	Nude rats	Yes	ME, PCRb	3
Rat	Intranasal	SCID mice	No	ME, PCRb	2, 3
Rabbit	Intranasal	SCID mice	No	ME, PCRb	2, 3
Rabbit	Intratracheal	Nude rats	No	ME, PCRb	3
Ferret	Intratracheal	SCID mice	No	ME, PCR, MAbs	20
Rhesus monkey	Intranasal	SCID mice	No	ME	19
Rhesus monkey	Intranasal	Nude rats	No	ME	19
Human	Intratracheal	SD ratsc	No	ME, PCR	8
Human	Intranasal	SCID mouse	No	ME, PCR	Present report

^aME, microscopical examination; MAbs, Pneumocystis-specific monoclonal antibodies. PCR was used both for confirming the absence of the parasite in uninfected hosts and for identifying strains developing in positive hosts by using strain-specific primers or hybridization with strain-specific DNA probes.\

^bAliouat et al., unpublished data.\

^cIn this experiment, recipient animals were already parasitized with Pneumocystis before being inoculated with human-derived Pneumocystis organisms.