表 2. Pregnancy outcomes of study participants by parity.
三组产妇妊娠结局及并发症比较
| Pregnancy outcomes | Parity | P | ||
| 1st (n = 400) | 2nd (n = 400) | 3rd (n = 400) | ||
| PROM: premature rupture of membranes; HDP: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; PPH: postpartum hemorrhage; LBW: low birth weight; MSAF: meconium-stained amniotic fluid; ICP: intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. * P < 0.0167, vs. the 1st; △ P < 0.0167, vs. the 2nd. | ||||
| Preterm birth/case (%) | 22 (5.5) | 36 (9.0) | 53 (13.3)* | 0.001 |
| PROM/case (%) | 95 (23.8) | 77 (19.3) | 58 (14.5)* | 0.004 |
| Placenta previa/case (%) | 4 (1.0) | 11 (2.8) | 13 (3.3) | 0.086 |
| HDP/case (%) | 34 (8.5) | 19 (4.7) | 30 (7.5) | 0.096 |
| GDM/case (%) | 50 (12.5) | 70 (17.5)* | 75 (18.8)* | 0.040 |
| Hypothyroidism/case (%) | 46 (11.5) | 57 (14.2) | 42 (10.5) | 0.242 |
| Perinatal anemia/case (%) | 29 (7.2) | 36 (9.0) | 60 (15.0)*, △ | 0.001 |
| PPH/case (%) | 17 (4.3) | 21 (5.3) | 29 (7.3) | 0.170 |
| Uterine rupture/case (%) | 2 (0.5) | 4 (1.0) | 29 (7.2)*, △ | < 0.001 |
| LBW/case (%) | 24 (6.0) | 5 (1.3)* | 8 (2.0)* | < 0.001 |
| Macrosomia/case (%) | 13 (3.3) | 5 (1.3) | 12 (3.0) | 0.142 |
| Polyhydramnios/case (%) | 21 (5.3) | 15 (3.8) | 20 (5.0) | 0.560 |
| MSAF/case (%) | 86 (21.5) | 53 (13.2)* | 20 (5.0)*, △ | < 0.001 |
| Fetal distress/case (%) | 36 (9.0) | 7 (1.7)* | 2 (0.5)* | < 0.001 |
| ICP/case (%) | 0 | 9 (2.3)* | 5 (1.3) | 0.012 |
| Pulmonary embolism/case (%) | 0 | 4 (1.0) | 4 (1.0) | 0.134 |
| Pregnancy with cardiac disease/case (%) | 0 | 1 (0.3) | 4 (1.0) | 0.073 |