Table 3.
Characteristics of NHANES study participants classified by obstructive sleep apnea from 2005 to 2008 and from 2015 to 2020.
| Characteristics | Overall (N = 4223) | Without OSA (N = 2321) | With OSA (N = 1902) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n, % | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 1,790 (43.1) | 876 (38.4) | 914 (49.5) | |
| Female | 2,433 (56.9) | 1,445 (61.6) | 988 (50.5) | |
| Age(years), Mean ± SD | 48.26 ± 17.13 | 46.75 ± 18.00 | 50.31 ± 15.64 | <0.001 |
| Race, n, % | 0.092 | |||
| Mexican American | 655 (9.0) | 333 (8.1) | 322 (10.2) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1,032 (12.2) | 562 (11.7) | 470 (12.8) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 1,587 (64.1) | 920 (66.0) | 667 (61.5) | |
| Other Hispanic | 389 (5.8) | 194 (5.3) | 195 (6.5) | |
| Other Race | 560 (9.0) | 312 (8.8) | 248 (9.1) | |
| Education level, n, % | 0.010 | |||
| Below high school | 904 (12.8) | 496 (11.9) | 408 (14.0) | |
| High school grad/GED or equivalent | 1,013 (25.8) | 539 (23.6) | 474 (28.7) | |
| Above high school | 2,306 (61.4) | 1,286(64.5) | 1,020 (57.3) | |
| Marital status, n, % | <0.001 | |||
| Married/living with partner | 2,572 (63.4) | 1,308 (58.2) | 1,264 (70.6) | |
| Never married | 708(17.8) | 471 (21.9) | 237 (12.2) | |
| Widowed/divorced/separated | 943(18.8) | 542 (19.9) | 401 (17.3) | |
| PIR, n, % | 0.021 | |||
| < = 1.3 | 1,206 (19.4) | 684 (18.5) | 522 (20.5) | |
| 1.3–3.5 | 1,716 (36.5) | 915 (34.4) | 801 (39.5) | |
| >3.5 | 1,301 (44.1) | 722 (47.1) | 579 (39.9) | |
| Drinking status, n, % | 0.393 | |||
| Yes | 2,198 (56.3) | 1,157 (55.4) | 1,041 (57.6) | |
| No | 2,025 (43.7) | 1,164 (44.6) | 8,61 (42.4) | |
| Smoking status, n, % | 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 1633(39.3) | 807(35.3) | 826(44.6) | |
| No | 2590(60.7) | 1514(64.7) | 1076(55.4) | |
| BMI, n, % | <0.001 | |||
| < = 25 | 1,104 (27.7) | 783 (36.1) | 321 (16.3) | |
| 25–30 | 1,336 (31.6) | 757 (32.6) | 579 (30.3) | |
| >30 | 1,783 (40.7) | 781 (31.3) | 1,002 (53.4) | |
| Physical activity level, n, % | 0.467 | |||
| Yes | 936 (20.4) | 532 (20.9) | 404 (19.7) | |
| No | 3,287 (79.6) | 1,789 (79.1) | 1,498 (80.3) | |
| Hypertension, n, % | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 1,611 (32.8) | 785 (28.5) | 826 (38.5) | |
| No | 2,612 (67.2) | 1,536 (71.5) | 1,076 (61.5) | |
| Diabetes, n, % | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 739 (12.4) | 321 (9.5) | 418 (16.4) | |
| No | 3,484 (87.6) | 2,000 (90.5) | 1,484 (83.6) | |
| CVD, n, % | 0.888 | |||
| Yes | 495 (9.4) | 250 (9.5) | 245 (9.3) | |
| No | 3,728 (90.6) | 2,071 (90.5) | 1,657 (90.7) | |
| MHR, mean ± SD | 0.42 ± 0.21 | 0.40 ± 0.21 | 0.46 ± 0.21 | <0.001 |
| PHR, mean ± SD | 190.60 ± 74.58 | 183.07 ± 72.34 | 200.83 ± 76.37 | <0.001 |
| NHHR, mean ± SD | 2.66 ± 1.14 | 2.52 ± 1.11 | 2.85 ± 1.16 | <0.001 |
| AIP, mean ± SD | −0.11 ± 0.32 | −0.15 ± 0.32 | −0.04 ± 0.30 | <0.001 |
| UHR, mean ± SD | 0.11 ± 0.05 | 0.10 ± 0.04 | 0.12 ± 0.05 | <0.001 |
| RC/HDL, mean ± SD | 0.47 ± 0.37 | 0.42 ± 0.34 | 0.53 ± 0.39 | <0.001 |
| SIRI, mean ± SD | 1.18 ± 0.77 | 1.15 ± 0.78 | 1.22 ± 0.76 | 0.006 |
| CMI, mean ± SD | 0.64 ± 0.54 | 0.56 ± 0.50 | 0.74 ± 0.58 | <0.001 |
OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; BMI, body mass index; PIR: family income-poverty ratio; MHR, Monocyte to HDL Ratio; PHR, Platelet to HDL Ratio; NHHR, Non-HDL to HDL Ratio; AIP, atherogenic Index of Plasma; UHR, Uric acid to HDL Ratio; RC/HDL, Remnant Cholesterol to HDL Ratio; SIRI, Systemic Inflammation Response Index; CMI, Cardiometabolic Index.