Table 3.
Small molecules dissociating Aβ aggregates
| Name (Alternative name) |
Mechanism of action | Clinical phase (Current status) |
Pathological biomarker | Cognition | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disaggregators | |||||
| ELND005 (Scyllo-inositol, AZD-103) |
Aβ oligomer disaggregator | Phase 2 (terminated for safety) | CSF, plasma Aβ (-); *250 mg, 78 w ↓ (CSF Aβ42) | No benefit overall; mild AD ↑ (NTB) | [99] |
| PRI-002 (RD2) | Aβ oligomer disaggregator | Phase 2 (ongoing) | No change overall; *Aβ oligomer slope ↓ | ↑ (CERAD word list learning) | [105] |
| Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) | Aβ oligomer disaggregator | Phase 2/3 (completed) | No data available | No data available | |
*Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences. Arrows indicate the direction of change: for cognitive outcomes, ↑ and ↓ represent improvement or worsening, respectively; for pathological biomarkers, ↑ and ↓ indicate numerical increase or decrease. (-) indicates no change.