Skip to main content
. 2026 Apr 23;15:e82362. doi: 10.2196/82362

Table 1. Content and practice overview of each session of mindful breathing (MB) and mindful breathing+direct pointing (MB+DP) active treatment groups.

Program session MBa MB+DPb Total session duration
1

  • Brief introduction and pain psychoeducation (5 minutes)

  • Formal practices:

  • Mindfulness of breath (15 minutes)

  • Therapeutic processing (10 minutes)

  • Brief introduction and pain psychoeducation (5 minutes)

  • Formal practices:

  • Mindfulness of breath (10 minutes)

  • 5 minutes of direct pointing instruction

  • Therapeutic processing (10 minutes)

  • 30 minutes
2

  • Brief welcome + review of at-home practice (5 minutes)

  • Formal practices:

  • Mindfulness of breath (15 minutes)

  • Therapeutic processing (10 minutes)

  • Brief welcome + review of at-home practice (5 minutes)

  • Formal practices:

  • Mindfulness of breath (10 minutes)

  • 5 minutes of direct pointing instruction

  • Therapeutic processing (10 minutes)

  • 30 minutes
3

  • Brief welcome + review of at-home practice (5 minutes)

  • Formal practices:

  • Mindfulness of breath (15 minutes)

  • Therapeutic processing (10 minutes)

  • Brief welcome + review of at-home practice (5 minutes)

  • Formal practices:

  • Mindfulness of breath (10 minutes)

  • 5 minutes of direct pointing instruction

  • Therapeutic processing (10 minutes)

  • 30 minutes
4

  • Brief welcome + review of at-home practice (5 minutes)

  • Formal practices:

  • Mindfulness of breath (15 minutes)

  • Therapeutic processing (10 minutes)

  • Brief welcome + review of at-home practice (5 minutes)

  • Formal practices:

  • Mindfulness of breath (10 minutes)

  • 5 minutes of direct pointing instruction

  • Therapeutic processing (10 minutes)

  • 30 minutes
a

MB: mindful breathing.

b

MB+DP: mindful breathing+direct pointing.