Figure 1. Association between aging and the outcomes of immunotherapy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. (A) Immunotherapy was associated with favorable OS (left panel) and PFS (right panel) in young patients (<60 years). (B) In patients aged 60 years or older, the benefit of immunotherapy was marginal. (C) Immunotherapy and control showed comparable OS in patients over 65 years old (left panel) or over 70 years old (right panel). (D) In patients with MSKCC poor risk score, OS benefits were achieved in populations aged 60 and above (left panel), 65 and above (middle panel), and 70 and above (right panel). (E) Old patients (≥75 years) cannot benefit from immunotherapy in terms of OS and PFS. (F) Comparisons of the expression levels for 17 MHC-related antigen-presenting molecules, along with 11 coinhibitors and 25 costimulators, among patients over 65 years old and patients aged 55 or younger. (G) Comparisons of 38 chemokines and their receptors between patients >65 years old and patients <55 years old. (H) 35 ILs and their receptors in patients >65 years old versus patients <55 years old. (I) Comparison of eight immune and two stromal cell populations estimated by the MCP-counter method. Blue denotes patients aged over 65 years; red denotes patients aged 55 or younger. HLA, human leukocyte antigen; IL, interleukin; MCP, Microenvironment Cell Populations; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; MSKCC, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; NK, natural killer; ns, not significant; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival. *P<0.05; **p<0.01.