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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Apr 27.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Surg. 2024 Mar 19;280(1):144–149. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000006274

Table 3.

GOSE Utility Scores of TBI Survivors and Percent Rating Worse Than Death

GOSE level Median [IQR] Utility Score Percent rating <0 (worse than death)
GOSE 8, good recovery 0.88 [0.50, 0.991 6.0%
GOSE 7, minor deficits 0.85 [0.50, 0.991 6.4%
GOSE 6, can partly resume work 0.75 [0.30, 0.951 14.1%
GOSE 5, unemployed, independent 0.55 [0.04, 0.901 20.1%
GOSE 4, needing daily partial help 0.45 [−0.01, 0.751 37.6%
GOSE 3, bedridden and aware −0.01 [−0.19, 0.451 64.1%
GOSE 2, bedridden and unaware −0.01 [−0.30, −0.011 88.6%

GOSE, Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, measuring functional outcome after TBI

Table 3 depicts the median health utility scores for each post-TBI GOSE state as determined by TBI survivors via their surrogates, as well as the percentage of TBI surrogates who rated each GOSE state as worse than death.