| ATP | Adenosine Triphosphate |
| BMD | Bone Mineral Density |
| BMJ | British Medical Journal |
| CKD | Chronic Kidney Disease |
| CKD-MBD | Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral And Bone Disorder |
| CI | Confidence Interval |
| EPIC | European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition |
| FGF23 | Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 |
| HDI | Human Development Index |
| HPFS | Health Professionals Follow-Up Study |
| IARC | International Agency for Research on Cancer |
| JAMA | Journal of the American Medical Association |
| LOCF | Last Observation Carried Forward |
| MAR | Missing At Random |
| MI | Multiple Imputation |
| NHS | Nurses’ Health Study |
| NHANES | National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| NSAID | Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug |
| Pi | Inorganic Phosphate |
| PRISMA-P | Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols |
| RNA | Ribonucleic Acid |
| RR | Relative Risk |
| SES | Socioeconomic Status |
| SI | Single Imputation |
| SWAN | Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation |
| UVB | Ultraviolet B Radiation |