| AM | Alveolar macrophage |
| Alg | Alginate |
| CaP | Calcium phosphate |
| CLSM | Confocal laser scanning microscopy |
| CMC | Carboxymethyl chitosan |
| DEG(s) | Differentially expressed gene(s) |
| DLs | Double layers |
| DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide |
| DPBS | Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline |
| FCS | Fetal calf serum |
| FPF | Fine particle fraction |
| GO | Gene Ontology |
| GSD | Geometric standard deviation |
| HBSS | Hanks’ balanced salt solution |
| LbL | Layer-by-Layer |
| LDH | Lactate dehydrogenase |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| MH-S | Murine alveolar macrophage cell line MH-S |
| MMAD | Mass median aerodynamic diameter |
| MTT | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
| NGI | Next-Generation Impactor |
| nRPKMs | Normalized reads per kilobase million |
| PFA | Paraformaldehyde |
| PDI | Polydispersity index |
| PCA | Principal component analysis |
| PLSF | Phagolysosomal simulant fluid |
| Prot | Protamine |
| Prot-Rho | Rhodamine-labeled protamine |
| PCR | Polymerase chain reaction |
| PXRD | Powder X-ray diffraction |
| RNA-seq | RNA sequencing |
| SEM | Scanning electron microscopy |
| SiO2 | Silicon dioxide |
| THF | Tetrahydrofuran |