Table 2. Mean (± standard deviation) villus measurements (mm) by experimental group.

Small intestine segments	Mean (mm)				P value*
	CG	PG	PAaG	AaG
	(n=10)	(n=10)	(n=10)	(n=10)
Duodenum
- Height	0.26±0.01a	0.39±0.06bc	0.40±0.01b	0.33±0.07c	<0.0001
- Width	0.07±0.04	0.08±0.01	0.07±0.01	0.06±0.04	>0.05
Jejunum
- Height	0.37±0.13	0.39±0.07	0.41±0.07	0.33±0.05	>0.05
- Width	0.07±0.02a	0.07±0.01a	0.09±0.01b	0.07±0.01a	<0.0001
Ileum
- Height	0.17±0.1a	0.26±0.05b	0.32±0.06c	0.27±0.01bc	<0.0001
- Width	0.13±0.05a	0.08±0.02b	0.08±0.01b	0.07±0.01b	<0.0001

*Kruskal–Wallis; Different letters in the same row indicate significant differences between groups, as determined by the Mann–Whitney U test (p<0.05); CG: Control group, PG: Periodontitis group; PAaG: Periodontitis and Aa JP2 group; AaG: Aa JP2 group.