Table 4.
CAN parameters in patients with early stage (group 1) and advanced stage (group 2) of DKD.
| Parameters | Group 1 | Group 2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 28 | n = 48 | ||
| Frequency domain parameters | |||
| TP (ms2) | 1114 (472 – 2905) | 548 (131 – 1552) | 0.03 |
| VLF (ms2) | 350 (203 – 565) | 233 (79.8 - 612) | 0.15 |
| LF (ms2) | 429 (105 – 1020) | 71 (24.5 - 326) | <0.01 |
| HF (ms2) | 306 (86.8 - 1381) | 110 (17.5 - 534) | 0.03 |
| LF/HF (ms2) | 1.0 (0.6 - 1.9) | 0.7 (0.4 - 1.7) | 0.22 |
| Time domain parameters | |||
| RRmin (ms) | 660 (291- 763) | 698 (587 - 810) | 0.09 |
| RRmax (ms) | 912 (820 - 1191) | 955 (779 - 1135) | 0.96 |
| RRNN (ms) | 804 (751 - 895) | 861 (732 - 977) | 0.40 |
| SDNN (ms) | 34 (21 - 53.8) | 25.5 (11.0 - 46.3) | 0.05 |
| Autonomic cardiac reactivity tests | |||
| Deep breathing | 1.18 ± 0.17 | 1.10 ± 0.10 | 0.02 |
| Orthostatic (30:15) test | 1.13 ± 0.13 | 1.07 ± 0.08 | 0.01 |
| Valsalva Maneuver | 1.56 ± 0.46 | 1.27 ± 0.20 | <0.01 |
TP, Total power; VLF, Very low frequency; LF, Low frequency; HF, High frequency; RRmin, Minimum RR interval; RRmax, Maximum RR interval; RRNN, Mean length of all normal-to-normal RR intervals; SDNN, Standard deviation of all normal-to-normal RR intervals.