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. 2026 Apr 15;13:1749788. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1749788

Figure 1.

Panel A shows a heatmap with hierarchical clustering for gene expression profiles comparing control and gout groups, with red indicating higher and blue indicating lower expression. Panel B presents a similar heatmap comparing control and metabolic syndrome groups. Panel C displays a volcano plot illustrating differential gene expression in gout, highlighting significantly upregulated (red) and downregulated (green) genes. Panel D shows a volcano plot for metabolic syndrome, also marking upregulated and downregulated genes.

Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in gout and metabolic syndrome (MetS). (A) Heatmap displaying the expression of the top 100 DEGs in gout samples. (B) Heatmap of the top 100 DEGs in MetS samples. Red indicates upregulation and blue indicates downregulation. (C) Volcano plot illustrating DEGs in the gout dataset. (D) Volcano plot of DEGs in the MetS dataset. Red dots represent upregulated genes, and green dots represent downregulated genes meeting the criteria of |logFC| >0.585 and adj. p-value <0.05.