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. 2026 Apr 15;13:1774473. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2026.1774473

TABLE 2.

Results of geometry performance evaluation of drilled screw path on 3D printed spines.

Exp. da (mm) mean ds (mm) mean θs (deg) mean θa (deg) mean d (mm) median (IQR 25, 75) θ (deg) median (IQR 25, 75)
1 0.02 −1.16 −0.85 −0.82 2.09 (1.41, 2.98) 2.03 (1.47, 3.49)
2 −0.60 −1.28 0.40 −0.81 2.12 (1.70, 3.60) 2.71 (1.44, 2.94)
3 −0.82 −1.47 −0.60 −0.87 2.33 (1.94, 3.79) 3.08 (1.88, 3.37)
Mean −0.44 −1.30 −0.39 −0.84 2.16 (1.62, 3.49) 2.65 (1.47, 3.34)
Std 1.57 1.93 2.19 2.20