Table 4.
Prediction of dyslexia pathways based on kindergarten language-related measures
| Kindergarten Measures | OR | b | SE | Wald | p | 95%CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Late-emerging Dyslexia (n = 34) | ||||||
| Phonological Awareness | 1.47 | 0.39 | 0.50 | 0.60 | 0.438 | [0.56, 3.89] |
| Letter Knowledge | 2.89 | 1.06 | 0.49 | 4.78 | 0.029 | [1.12, 7.47] |
| Rapid Naming | 2.16 | 0.77 | 0.46 | 2.85 | 0.092 | [0.88, 5.31] |
| Morphological Awareness | 6.21 | 1.83 | 0.43 | 18.07 | < 0.001 | [2.68, 14.42] |
| Resolving Dyslexia (n = 35) | ||||||
| Phonological Awareness | 5.28 | 1.66 | 0.40 | 16.97 | < 0.001 | [2.39, 11.65] |
| Letter Knowledge | 3.19 | 1.16 | 0.47 | 6.24 | 0.012 | [1.28, 7.94] |
| Rapid Naming | 2.20 | 0.79 | 0.45 | 3.07 | 0.080 | [0.91, 5.34] |
| Morphological Awareness | 1.32 | 0.28 | 0.56 | 0.25 | 0.619 | [0.44, 3.99] |
| Persistent Dyslexia (n = 38) | ||||||
| Phonological Awareness | 3.00 | 1.10 | 0.42 | 6.87 | 0.009 | [1.32, 6.82] |
| Letter Knowledge | 6.47 | 1.87 | 0.41 | 20.59 | < 0.001 | [2.89, 14.50] |
| Rapid Naming | 3.10 | 1.13 | 0.42 | 7.22 | 0.007 | [1.36, 7.08] |
| Morphological Awareness | 2.04 | 0.72 | 0.49 | 2.09 | 0.148 | [0.78, 5.39] |
Note. Reference group = typically developing readers. 95% CIs for significant predictors all exceed 1.0