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. 2026 Apr 13;26:771. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-08221-w

Table 2.

Dose-dependent effect of metformin on odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs

Variable ODM Metformin
500 µM
Metformin
1000 µM
p-value
ALP (U/mL) at day 3 28.0 ± 2.67b/c 38.5 ± 2.26a/c 20.5 ± 1.9a/b 0.0002
ALP (U/mL) at day 7 35.6 ± 2.08b 52.1 ± 3.4c 30.3 ± 1.34a/b 0.0001
ARS (µM) at day 7 1.74 ± 0.11b/c 3.22 ± 0.15a/c 2.05 ± 0.12a/b 0.0001
ARS (µM) at day 14 5.01 ± 0.45b/c 6.81 ± 0.53a/c 2.75 ± 0.3a/b 0.0001