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. 2026 Apr 20;17:1787938. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1787938

Figure 9.

Multi-panel figure with bar graphs (A-L) comparing various metabolic pathways and compound levels among groups labeled NC, GY, and MY, as well as stacked bar charts (M-R) depicting percentages or concentrations across time points or treatments. Panels S, T, and U are heatmaps displaying correlations between bacterial genera (listed along the x-axis) and different short-chain fatty acids (listed on the y-axis), with color gradients indicating strength and direction of associations. Statistically significant differences are indicated by asterisks.

Differential analysis of predicted intestinal microbiota functions in foals from day 0 to day 120 (A–L): (A, B) Day 0 (birth); (C) first occurrence of diarrhea; (D–J) Day 30; (K) Day 60; (L) Day 90. Effect of TSPSS supplementation on short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) in foals (M–R): (M) Acetic acid (mmol/L); (N) Propionic acid (mmol/L); (O) Isobutyric acid (mmol/L); (P) N-butyric acid (mmol/L); (Q) Isovaleric acid (mmol/L); (R) N-pentanoic acid (mmol/L). Heatmap showing correlation between SCFAs and gut bacterial genera (S–U): (S) NC, (T) GY, and (U) MY groups. Significant differences within groups (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01). Significant differences between groups (v − zp < 0.05, V − Zp < 0.01).