Table 5.

Characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis

Row	Names	Type of calcium silicate base cement ) MTA OR Biodentin OR Cem cement)	Type of cell line used	Substance concentration	Cell exposure time	Measurement method	significant or not significant
1	Omidi et al. [43]	Angelus mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA; Angelus), calcium-enriched mixture (CEM; BioniqueDent), and Biodentine (Septodont)	human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)	Non diluted 1:2 1:4	24 hr 48 hr 72 hr	MTT assay	No significant effect at 48 h; significant increase in cell proliferation at 72 h for both CEM (P<0.01) and Biodentine (P<0.05). Biodentine induced significantly higher TGF-β1 secretion than CEM (P<0.05).
2	Youssef et al. [47]	mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine	dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs)	Non diluted	3 day	MTT assay	All materials showed significant cytotoxicity compared with control at day 3 (P<0.0001); Biodentine showed significantly lower cell viability than MTA.
3	Tomas-Catala et al. [49]	MTA Repair HP, NeoMTA Plus, and Biodentine	human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)	Non diluted 1:2 1:4	24 hr 48 hr 72 hr	MTT assay	Biodentine showed significantly higher cell viability than MTA Repair HP and NeoMTA Plus at 48 and 72 h; highest cell migration rate observed with Biodentine (P<0.001)
4	Assadian et al.[64]	OrthoMTA (OMTA), Biodentine (BD) and Calcium-Enriched Mixture (CEM)	human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)	Non diluted 1:2 1:4	Days 1, 3 and 5	MTT assay	Not significant for cell viability at days 1 and 3; significant reduction only for 100% Biodentine at day 5 (P=0.016).
5	Agrafioti et al. [71]	Biodentine and MTA	dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs)	Non diluted	4 day 7 day	MTT assay	Biodentine showed significantly higher cell viability than MTA at 4 days (P<0.01); no significant difference between Biodentine and MTA at 7 days (P>0.05).
6	Saberi et al. [45]	mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement, Biodentine (BD)	human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs)	Non diluted	24 hr 48 hr 168 hr	MTT assay	No significant difference versus control at 24 and 48 h; significant reduction in cell viability for MTA (P<0.05) and Biodentine (P<0.01) at 168 h
7	Zhou et al. [6]	Biodentine, White Pro Root mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)	human gingival fibroblasts	1:1 1:2 1:4	1day 3 day 7 day	flow cytometry	No significant difference in cell viability between Biodentine and MTA at any concentration or time point (P>0.05); both significantly less cytotoxic than glass ionomer cement (P<0.05).
8	Dahake et al. [42]	MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) and Biodentine	Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHED)	Non diluted	7 day	MTT assay	Biodentine and MTA showed significantly higher cell viability compared with control at 7 days; Biodentine showed higher viability than MTA (P<0.001).
9	Collado-Gonzalez et al. [66]	Biodentine (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fosses, France) MTA (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil)	stem cells isolated from human exfoliated primary teeth (SHEDs)	Non diluted 1:2 1:4	24, 48 and 72h	MTT assay	Biodentine significantly increased cell viability compared with control and MTA from 48 h onward (P<0.01).
10	Margunato et al. [59]	ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK), Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fossés, France), and MM-MTA (Micro-Mega, Besançon Cedex, France)	human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs)	Non diluted	days 1, 3, 7, and 14	MTS assay	No cytotoxic effects observed for any material; all materials significantly stimulated osteogenic differentiation compared with control (P<0.05).
11	Sultana et al. [50]	ProRoot MTA (MTA; Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK), Biodentine (BD; Septodont, Saint Maur de Fosses, France)	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs)	Non diluted	1day 3 day 5 day 7 day	MTT assay	ERRM and MTA showed significantly higher osteogenic activity than Biodentine (P<0.05); no significant difference between ERRM and MTA in cell viability (P>0.05).