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. 2026 Apr 20;13:1776401. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1776401

Table 1.

Information of patients with cholangiocarcinoma metastasis to long bones.

First author, year Carlisle and Roberts (5) Lahrach et al. (6) Federico et al. (7) Karanjia et al. (8) MacKenzie et al. (9) Present case
Age, years 60 58 71 75 61 66
Sex F NA M F F F
Primary ICC NA ICC ICC ICC DCC
Metastatic site Humerus Humerus Humerus Fibula Femur Femur
Treatment Intramedullary nail Plate and screw osteosynthesis and bone cement filling Chemotherapy radiotherapy Radiotherapy Distal femoral replacement Total knee arthroplasty
Post-metastasis survival >4 weeks 3 months NA >12 months 4 weeks >6 months

F, female; NA, not available; M, male; ICC, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; DCC, distal cholangiocarcinoma.