Table 1.
Selected characteristics of study population at baseline.
| Male (n = 1,149)
|
Female (n = 2,090)
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Cases (n = 95) | Noncases (n = 1,054) | Cases (n = 155) | Noncases (n = 1,935) |
| Age [years (mean ± SD)] | 67.6 ± 11.5 | 55.8 ± 12.9** | 72.3 ± 8.9 | 56.6 ± 13.4** |
| Years of education (mean ± SD) | 13.5 ± 3.5 | 14.6 ± 3.2* | 12.6 ± 2.8 | 13.4 ± 2.6** |
| Never smokers | 51 (53.7) | 717 (68.0)* | 133 (85.8) | 1,655 (85.5) |
| BMI at or above median | 46 (48.4) | 477 (45.3) | 76 (49.0) | 875 (45.2) |
| Meat consumptiona,b | ||||
| < 1 week | 40 (42.1) | 496 (47.1) | 88 (56.8) | 913 (47.2) |
| 1 week | 50 (52.6) | 516 (49.0) | 57 (36.8) | 917 (47.4) |
| Total exercise | ||||
| Low | 25 (26.3) | 344 (32.6) | 67 (43.2) | 937 (48.4) |
| Moderate and high | 70 (73.7) | 709 (67.3) | 83 (53.5) | 990 (51.2) |
| History of hypertension | 32 (33.7) | 171 (16.2)** | 70 (45.2) | 444 (22.9)** |
| ETS | 57 (60.0) | 619 (58.7) | 77 (49.7) | 1,208 (62.5)* |
| Nutsa | ||||
| ≤2/month | 29 (30.5) | 331 (31.4) | 60 (38.7) | 684 (35.3) |
| 1–4/week | 37 (38.9) | 428 (40.6) | 51 (32.9) | 736 (38.0) |
| ≥5/week | 23 (24.2) | 255 (24.2) | 33 (21.3) | 397 (20.5) |
| Watera,c | ||||
| ≤2 glasses | 6 (6.3) | 119 (11.3) | 26 (16.8) | 351 (18.1) |
| 3–4 glasses | 44 (46.3) | 369 (35.0) | 49 (31.6) | 708 (36.6) |
| ≥5 glasses | 42 (44.2) | 546 (51.8) | 79 (51.0) | 833 (43.0) |
| Postmenopausal | 138 (89.0) | 1,323 (68.4)** | ||
| HRT in postmenopausal females | 20 (14.5) | 431 (32.6)** | ||
Values are presented as no. (%) or mean ± SD.
a
Some columns do not add to 100% because of missing data.
b
Significant at p < 0.01 for females only.
c
Significant at p < 0.05 for males only.
*
p < 0.01,
**
p < 0.001.