Table 5.
Summary of categorical questionnaire variables and associated urinary arsenic levels (μg/L) for children younger than 7 years of age.
| Response | No. | Speciated arsenic GM (GSD) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Female | 40 | 3.80 (2.46) |
| Male | 37 | 4.25 (2.00) | |
| Visited a house/building with ongoing renovations? | Yes | 6 | 7.93 (1.62)* |
| No | 68 | 3.76 (2.21) | |
| Don’t know | 1 | 5.75 (—) | |
| Limit child’s exposure to soil or dust? | Yes | 5 | 2.18 (2.76) |
| No | 71 | 4.12 (2.17) | |
| Play near creeks? | Yes | 10 | 4.23 (2.46) |
| No | 67 | 3.98 (2.22) | |
| Spent time at local orchard or produce farm? | Yes | 3 | 5.43 (1.04)* |
| No | 73 | 3.96 (2.28) |
Significant difference in urinary arsenic levels between “yes” and “no” responses (t-test; p < 0.05). Other categorical responses with no significant differences: type of ground play surface, playing with outdoor pet, age of house, frequency of sucking fingers, frequency of putting objects in mouth, family income, exposure to smoking, daycare attendance, race, pacifier use, herbal medicine use, exposure to treated wood, street paved, eaten homegrown produce, eaten seafood, eaten rice/rice products, large digging or moving soil projects in last year. No significant results for creatinine-corrected speciated arsenic.