Table 6.
Speciated urinary arsenic and soil arsenic levels for young children at various sites.
| Speciated urinary arsenic concentration (μg/L)
|
Soil arsenic concentration (mg/kg)
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | GM (GSD) | Range | n | GM (GSD) | Range | |
| Middleport, NY, 2003 | 77 | 4.0 (2.2)
5.3 ± 3.0a |
0.89–17.7 | 29 | 19.9 (1.6)
22.5 ± 11.7a |
10.4–58.8 |
| Bingham Creek, UT (UCDEH 1997) | ||||||
| Residences near Bingham Creek channel | 696 | 5.86 (1.96) | ND–35 | 1,045 | 27 (1.8) | 4–623 |
| Ruston/North Tacoma, WA, 1985–1986 (Polissar et al. 1987) | ||||||
| < 0.5 miles from smelter | 118 | 52.1 (42.5)b | NR | 45 | 352 (410)b | 12–2,069 |
| 0.5–1.2 miles from smelter | 97 | 22.5 (29.3)b | NR | 40 | 125 (109)b | 9–1,322 |
| 1.5–8.5 miles from smelter | 49 | 13.7 (10.3)b | NR | 34 | 29.6 (49)b | 2–290 |
| Reference site (Bellingham, WA) | 4 | 13.3 (3.3)b | NR | 10 | 6.6 (2.7)b | 2–10 |
| > 100 miles from smelter | ||||||
| Ruston/North Tacoma, WA, 1987 (TPCHD 1988) | ||||||
| < 0.5 miles from smelter | 88 | 16.2 (16) | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Anaconda, MT (Hwang et al. 1997a, 1997b) | ||||||
| Close to smelter | 177 | 9.5 (1.7) | NR–16.4 | 876 | 286c | NR |
| Intermediate | 62 | 7.5 (1.5) | NR–19.0 | 405 | 150c | NR |
| Remote | 42 | 7.1 (1.8) | NR–12.1 | 302 | 90c | NR |
Abbreviations: ND, not detected; NR, not reported.
a
Arithmetic average ± SD.
b
Arithmetic averages were reported for urine and soil. Urine values are the weighted arithmetic average from separate results for male and female.
c
Average yard soil arsenic concentrations for Anaconda are the GM calculated as the weighted average of all soil samples.