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. 2026 Apr 23;13:1786245. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1786245

Table 2.

Trend analysis of the incidence of fetal lateralization abnormalities during different stages of COVID-19 infection.

Period Total population Lateralized cases Non-lateralized cases χ2 P
Pre-COVID-19 period (2017–2019) 315,392 246 315,146 5.811 0.016
Zero-COVID period (2020–2022) 245,934 150 245,784
Post-pandemic period (2023–2024) 160,236 170 160,066