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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2005 Dec 15.
Published in final edited form as: Spine J. 2005;5(3):277–290. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2004.11.006

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Preload and total moment magnitudes during simulated manipulations of the lumbar spines (n=7) were site-specific (manipulation sites: (a) L3, (b) L4, (c) L5). L4 and L5 moments (both preload and total) were significantly larger than L3 moments (3-way ANOVA, p<.001). Preload and total moment magnitudes did not vary significantly with speed (ANOVA, p>.07). *Both preload and total moment magnitudes were larger with 10 Nm pre-torque versus 0 Nm pre-torque (3-way ANOVA, p<.001).