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. 2026 Apr 24;17:1801603. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1801603

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Copyright © 2026 Li, Zhou, Du and Xu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Forest plot displaying odds ratios and ninety-five percent confidence intervals for multivariable associations between covariates and adverse events, including somnolence, decreased appetite, sleep pattern disturbance, behavioral changes, ataxia, and any adverse event, with significant p-values and reference line at odds ratio of one. Squares represent odds ratios and horizontal lines indicate confidence intervals. — Multivariable analysis of post-discharge adverse events. Abbreviations: Group D+M, received intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with oral midazolam.